How to make a socket?

Very often we are faced with a problem when the outlet in an apartment or office is far from the consumers of an iron, refrigerator or TV, and then the question is how to makethe outlet is more accessible. Today, we will tell you how to install a power outlet for repairs and complete replacement of wiring, and how to replace an old outlet with a new one in case of a breakdown. The work itself is not difficult, but as in any case, there are secrets and nuances, all the more, in this case we are talking about interference to the wiring.

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Fastening of external outlets

Outlets are of two types:

• Outdoor.
• Internal.

The principle of connection to the electrical network of these types of devices is the same, but there is a difference.

Internal models

Internal sockets are installed in special boxes( pads), recessed inside the wall. They almost do not stick out.

Outdoor models

Outdoor sockets are attached directly to the surface of the wall and are in sight. The principle of installation of an external socket is simple enough and does not require special efforts.

Important! Such devices are used in rooms with external wiring or with structures made of flammable materials, for example, in wooden buildings.

Of course, when installing external connections, the aesthetic appearance of the room deteriorates, since all the wires are in sight. But on the other hand - increasing security - it is easy to identify a problematic place, thanks to the fact that all the elements of the external wiring are visible. For example, you will immediately notice a discoloration, fusion of the socket case with poor contact.

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Installation rules for external outlets:

1. Disassemble the socket housing. To do this, unscrew the fixing bolts and remove the top cover.
2. Screw the socket base to the wall surface with screws. If the wall is wooden, then under the base, lay a non-combustible material, for example, plaster or paronite.
3. Connect the mains wires.
4. Screw the cover to the case and completely assemble the outlet.

Important! When conducting work with electrical wiring, be sure to turn off the electricity. In addition, additionally check its absence in the network after shutdown.

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Installing the internal socket

To install the power outlet by yourself, first of all, you need to know the sequence of work. This will determine the quality and speed of work.

Important! Before beginning any operations, turn off all machines before the counter and read the step-by-step instruction.

For fixing the internal sockets, a box of cylindrical shape is necessarily used, where the housing of the device is placed.

Important! Previously, metal boxes were used, but today a plastic box is increasingly used. In it, the socket fits perfectly, both with the help of spacer legs, and with the help of screws. The advantage of plastic podrozetnikov - low price. In addition, if there is a need to install several outlets, then the boxes are easily connected to each other in the unit.

Stages of operation

The installation of the internal socket consists of the following steps:

1. Cable laying.
2. Prepare a hole( niche) under the box.
3. Mounting of the receptacle.
4. Connecting and securing the outlet to the box.
5. Installation of decorative cover.

Tools

You will need the following tools and materials to install the power outlet:

• Hammer drill bit or chisel.
• Crown for drilling a hole under the box.
• Screwdriver.
• Pliers.
• Scissors for cable.
• Insulating tape.
• Small carnations.
• Hammer.
• Spatula.
• Screwdriver.
• Alabaster.

Important! Handles of tools should be covered with insulating material, or have special nozzles.

Important nuances:

1. The walls are easier to punch with a perforator, but if they are made of limestone, then use a better chisel. The puncher in this wall will leave a too deep and wide strob. As a result - it will be difficult to fix the cable, and plaster( cement) will need much more.
2. If the walls are of silicate or red brick, then use seams between the bricks in order to pierce the strob. So the stone will not break.

Let's consider more in detail the installation stages of the outlet.

Cable routing

Before proceeding with the stem to make an outlet, attention must be paid to the following important points:

• Connect the cable correctly to the meter. This work is simple, since modern meters allow you to simultaneously start up to eight electric cables. It is best to connect each room separately to protect against isolation, and in case of overloading, the automatics will turn off faster than the fire.
• Pay special attention to the cross-section of the wire. With a standard voltage of 220 V, the current in the network constantly rises - from the standard 16 A to 20 A and more. And at the time of network overload, the current can increase dramatically. Therefore, it is not recommended to use a wire for a network with a cross section of less than 2.5 mm2.For better safety, use a corrugation to lay an electrical cable.
• First determine the location of the future outlet:
  • First, from the point of view of decorative design, all visible sockets should be at the same height.
  • Secondly, do not forget about security. If the house has small children, then, constantly used sockets, are installed at a height of 60-80 cm or mount protective sockets with a special lid, which the child is difficult to open.

After you have decided on the location of the future outlet, go to the stroba. This is a small channel, in which the cable will be:

• The depth and width of the stunt should be equal to 1.5 of the diameter of the cable.
• Try to lay the channel evenly, then you will need less cable.
• An important condition is that the electrical cable should approach the socket from the bottom, therefore, it must be made 5-10 cm below the level of the socket.
• The routed cable must be fixed with small studs. Hammer them in the wall and support the wire so that it does not fall out.

Important! Immediately after laying the cable, the wall can not be plastered - it is first necessary to check the operation of the socket and electrical devices.

Preparing the hole for the

box Before preparing the groove, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the pads. Depending on the material of the walls, they can be:

• For a stone. Standard box.
• For drywall. The cover for the plasterboard looks like a round plastic box with metal ears on the sides. With the help of screws these paws are tightened and move apart, tightly pressing the structure against the wall.

Important! Such podrozetniki work on the "butterfly" principle - they compress the plasterboard and stick to the sheet.

How to install the box in a brick wall?

Conventional boxes are used for installation in a brick wall. In order to install the socket, a hole is drilled at the location of the wiring harness and the future socket with the help of a crown. In this niche the box is fixed with the help of alabaster. The flap is flush with the wall surface.

Working with brick walls is much more convenient than with gypsum boards, as there are no clear requirements for them. Here are just a few recommendations:

1. The hole for the box should be such that the wall box is recessed in the wall for 1 cm.
2. Before fixing the "glass", wind the wires into the jar. The wires should leave the pad at least 10 cm. Remains of wires can always be hidden in the jar and, if necessary, replace the outlet without problems.
3. The glass should stand clearly at an angle of 90 degrees. The socket in such a box will not fall either up or into the sides.
4. Fix the box with cement mortar in two steps: the first serving should be the consistency of sour cream, to fill the voids, and cover the inner layer with a thicker layer.

How to install a wall box in a concrete wall?

1. A special nozzle for a drill - a hole for drilling holes, make a hole in the wall. To do this, insert the bit in the chuck of the drill or percussion drill and drill in the intended location.

Important! For work in a concrete wall, it is necessary to use not only drilling mode, but also impact.

1. Vacuum clean all dust that has formed.
2. After the bottom of the crown has rested against the wall, complete the drilling.
3. Clean the hole core. For this purpose, you can use a perforator with a nozzle-strobilo or use a hammer and a chisel.
4. Align the rear wall of the hole - so that the box perfectly fits into the niche.
5. In the dashboard, squeeze the plug from the side where the wires will pass.
6. Connect the cable to the power outlet.
7. Apply a small amount of alabaster on the back wall and on the niche walls.

Important! The amount of the mixture is determined by eye:

• if alabaster is much, it will start to bulge out of the box;
• if it is not enough, strong fixing of a podrozetnika it does not turn out.

1. Insert the sprocket into the hole and press it. The edges of the boxes should be flush with the wall.
2. Wait half an hour to continue to work.

Important! Alabaster has a lot of advantages: quick drying and strong grip. For installation use a thick mixture, the thicker - the quicker it will grasp.

How to install a box in plasterboard?

The dashboard for gypsum plasterboard wall has a special design. In addition, the box is not fixed with alabaster, but is clamped with special clips.

In order to make a hole in the plasterboard, use a special bit. Drill a hole with a diameter of 68 mm in the plasterboard.

Important! Drywall is a very brittle material, so it must be drilled, and turn off the shock mode.

Here are just some tips and tips for working with plasterboard to install the outlet you were easier:

1. Strokes do only in the bearing wall.
2. Before inserting the glass into the gypsum board, be sure to pull the cable into the jar.
3. The cable must come out of the start in front of the outlet.
4. Insert the box into the hole, tighten the screws so that the ears pinched the plasterboard on the back side and firmly fixed the glass.

Important! Try to insert the insert into the drywall the first time, otherwise - you have to make a new hole.

1. The free space between the wall and the plasterboard must be at least 45 mm so that the junket is completely drowned and flush with the outer surface of the plasterboard.

Connecting the outlet to the electrical network

So, all the preparatory work is completed, now you can install and connect a new outlet. To do this:

1. Remove the screws on the sides of the box. They will fix the core of the outlet itself.
2. Remove the bolts from the front of the socket.
3. Remove the trim panel.
4. Take the core of the socket and relax the contacts into which the power wires will be inserted.

Important! The distance between the pressure sponge and the stop should be greater than the diameter of the trolley wire. The wire should be freely inserted to a depth of 5-10 mm.

1. Use a special pair of scissors to force the ends of the power wires into the jar. Remove the braid from the cable by 1 cm.
2. Insert the wires into the core and secure them with nuts.
3. Check the connection of the wires and slightly bend them in the form of a spring snake.
4. Tighten the cable securing bolts in the housing socket. Tightening is necessary very much, because when connecting a powerful consumer and a bad contact, the connection point will begin to heat. This will lead to the melting of wires and the failure of the entire structure.
5. Insert the socket core into the box.
6. Fix it with screws and clamps. First, pre-fix the core, and after leveling it in the level, fix it securely. Depending on the type of box, the internal sockets are attached in two ways:
   1. With the help of fastening tabs. When tightening the bolts passing through the legs, one side of the foot is pressed against the body, and the other side is pushed back into the side. When you turn the bolts one by one and from the other side of the body in turn, the paws rest against the jar and jam the case in the required position.
   2. With two screws. Aim the screws in the special holes in the box and tighten them.
7. Fasten the decorative socket panel.
8. After completing the installation, turn on the vending machines or plugs, check the operation of the socket with the indicator, and then connect a simple light source.

Important! If there is no ground wire in the wiring of your house, then what wire do you connect to the terminals: phase or zero. The most important thing is not to connect both wires to one terminal. In those houses where there is a ground wire, when connecting, it is necessary to determine exactly which wire for what. In these cases, the color designation of the wires will help:

• Phase - white, brown or red wire. Connected to the right. Zero - blue, black color. This wire is connected to the left side of the core.
• Earth - green, yellow or striped yellow-green. Connect this wire to the central contact with the antennae in the working part of the socket.

We hope that our information has helped you to install a new outlet on your own. If you did everything neatly, using our recommendations and tips, everything will work like a clock, and no sizzling, zesty and smell of burnt insulation will ever bother you.