Fans: how they work, types, characteristics, manufacturers

fan algorithm is based on the movement of air due to the supply of energy from the rotating wheel provided with blades which is mounted on the motor shaft.

When rotated under the action of centrifugal force air mixture is discharged into the atmosphere at a certain speed.

The devices are used not only as household appliances, but also in the systems of local ventilation and supply and exhaust equipment.

They are used to reduce the temperature of the heating elements of the heating and cooling mechanisms, as well as to blow cooling radiators of various equipment.

types of fans

According to the principle of work and design features the fans are divided into several types:

• diagonal;
• radial (centrifugal);
• axial (axial);
• lipless;
• diametral (cross).

Depending on the direction of rotation of the impellerand venting device may be:

• right rotation mechanism (impeller rotates clockwise when viewed from the air suction);
• mechanism left rotation (counter-clockwise rotation).

Depending on the type of mediumIn which the fan is running, the mechanisms are divided into:

• Standard. The temperature of the conveyed fluid (air or gas) does not exceed 80 degrees Celsius.
• Resistant to corrosion. These units are used in corrosive environments.
• Heat-resistant. The temperature may exceed the value of 80 degrees Celsius.
• Dust. Used where very dusty atmosphere.
• Explosion-proof. Used in environments that are explosive.

On design features fans are divided according to the method of fixing the impeller and electric motor:

• a continuously variable transmission;
• with belt drive;
• directly with a tight fastening to the engine;
• with fastening on a flexible coupling.

Fans are divided into groups depending on the installation site:

• Standard. Installation on a special support. Its role is played by the foundation, frame and other mounting means.
• Channel. Such models are mounted in the ducts.
• Roof. Fixing is done on the roof of the building.

Venting mechanisms are divided into three categories largest pressurisation when moving air:

• reduced pressure - up to 1 kPa;
• medium-pressure - up to 3 kPa;
• High pressure - 12 kPa.

Fans are divided into types depending on the mounting method:

• Desktop. These models are intended for installation on office desk, Size medium, are provided with a special stand.
• Floor. Mounted directly on the floor, does not require additional fasteners.
• Wall. Includes fasteners for mounting to the wall. Dimensions may vary.
• Ceiling. These devices are mounted on or within the ceiling suspension system. Fan control takes place via a remote control.

Principle of operation

Detailed discussion of each view of the device according to the type of work.

Axial

Externally, the device is a casing with a cylindrical base in which is located a wheel provided with blades. On the housing there are special holes for mounting the device.

Wheel with blades is mounted directly on the axle. The air flow is parallel to the axis.

At the inlet manifold is provided in the mechanism used to improve the aerodynamics of the device. In the absence of a counter flow of this type of mechanism the power consumption is small.

If the air flow is present, and it takes more power.

efficiency of the axle unit coefficient is much superior to other types of mechanisms. The pressure and amount of supply air is controlled by the rotary blades. Axial devices usually used for supplying large volumes of air at low resistances.

Diagonal

The air in these mechanisms is taken on the same principle as in the axial models, but the issue is already underway in a diagonal direction. The casing has a conical shape, so the flow rate increases when a pressure on the fan propeller.

Diagonal mechanisms are fast purge and low noise (compared with the axial devices).

Radial

Centrifugal machine consists of an impeller located in a volute. When rotating the feed air is moved in the radial direction and begins to contract in the region of the wheel.

The flow then enters the volute by centrifugal force, and then goes into heating the hole.

These components are made with curved ends, their number depends on the intended use of the unit. The rotation is to the right or left side.

The climate systems used several types of radial fans:

• Air intake takes place in which one or both sides.
• The design of the mechanism is located on the motor shaft or a belt transmission is present.
• Blades in the appliance are folded forward or backward form.

Backward curved blades, increase productivity and save energy.

Diametrically

This category consists of a body with a nozzle and diffuser, impeller equipped with forward-curved blades. Wheel structurally looks like a drum. The principle of operation of this mechanism is based on the double passage of air across the impeller.

Diametrical fans are characterized by high aerodynamic performance. They are capable of delivering uniform air flow over a limited range.

Structurally, the device is designed so that it is easy to turn to the side, giving the air masses in the right direction. This type of units used in internal blocks split systems, air curtains, and other conditioning and ventilation systems.

lipless

The main element of the device is a turbine, the air flow is formed due to its operation. This element is hidden in the housing base. The air stream moves through the slots in the frame due to aerodynamic effects.

Components frame profile facilitates air rarefaction, it is further sucked from the rear side of the housing.

The total volume of flow increases up to 16 times (in comparison with indicators of a turbine). Bladeless fans are quite noisy, but there are no external moving elements, which makes the device safer bezrotornoe.

Features fan

• The total pressure is measured in Pascals.
• Airflow mechanism or performance, measured in cubic meters per hour.
• Impeller rotational speed is measured in revolutions per minute.
• The power consumption of which is spent on the device drive, measured in kilowatts.
• Sound pressure level or noise level, measured in decibels. It is calculated on the side where the intake air, and in those places where the flow gets into the room.
• Efficiency. The indicator allows for aerodynamic loss, loss due to leakage through the thickening power losses through friction in various parts of the mechanism.

functions

Ventilating units have a number of additional features that make the mechanism more efficient and convenient to operate:

• humidification. It allows to cool the room, not draining air. The device increases the cost of the product, but it is useful for health.
• Ionization. It purifies the air and restores the balance of negative ions. The ionizer is very useful for children, the elderly, and everyone who is a long time at the computer. It is recommended to use such a device in the period of seasonal diseases.

It is strictly forbidden to use an ionizer:

1. in oncology,
2. elevated body temperature,
3. after surgery,
4. bronchial asthma
5. in a dusty environment,
6. in violation of blood circulation in the brain,
7. hypersensitivity or intolerance individual ionized air.

• steering system. The system allows you to direct the flow in any desired direction.
• Timer. It allows you to program the switching mode and the fan is turned off.
• humidistat. ventilation device for the bathroom, which is equipped with a humidity sensor. The mechanism is automatically activated when a certain humidity. This parameter allows to control the humidity level in damp areas.
• Motion Sensor. It allows you to automatically include a venting system with the appearance of a person in the room. Disabling occurs through the gap, which is defined by the timer.
• Clock. They are located on the main unit.
• Ventilation. continuous ventilation mode includes operation of the unit at low speed, ensuring a minimum air exchange. If the humidity increases, the mode is switched to the maximum.
• Hose water protected. With this parameter produced a special model units to be used in areas where there are constant spray of water. Hose water protected on the device is indicated by marking the IP * 4.
• check valve. The function is useful when a room with several rooms one ventilation system is installed. Valves allow you to run the system and selectively block the access to certain premises.

Options and accessories

The standard set includes fasteners and other parts for installation. Components depends on the type and kind of mechanism.

Under the accessories to the fans understood all their components, as well as additional equipment, simplifying the process of operation of the unit:

• Protective grilles of different sizes and designs.
• Batteries for autonomous operation. The batteries are designed for a few hours, have the ability to charge up to several hundred times, and save electricity.
• Rain protection.
• Control unit with a temperature sensor. It helps to remotely control mechanism and to monitor various parameters.

Advantages and disadvantages

Benefits

Each type of venting units has its advantages.

axial:

• presence of temperature control systems;
• low power consumption;
• possibility of adjusting the rotation of the platform;
• for the installation of the device must be a little space;
• mechanism works smoothly with proper maintenance and debugged.

centrifugal:

• acceptable overload;
• saving electric power is about 20 percent;
• small impeller diameter;
• small shaft speed;
• low noise characteristics.

Ceiling:

• safe, since they are in inaccessible places;
• comfortable, no need to disassemble, pack and clean for storage;
• save space in the room.

Fresh air:

• are inexpensive;
• universal;
• easy to operate.

Air Handling:

• economical;
• used for office, industrial and public buildings;
• meet health and safety standards.

Explosion protection:

• the reliability;
• do not require additional services;
• the ability to install in any place;
• to provide complete thermal contacts;
• present speed adjustment.

With the function of smoke:

• mounted on the building unused space, thereby saving space;
• smoky air immediately moves into the environment;
• possibility of operating at low and high temperatures.

Problems

Each type of venting units has its drawbacks.

axial:

• operate only with clean air;
• present high vibration and noise;
• in the manufacture of the rotating elements apply high requirements.

centrifugal:

• present high vibration and noise;
• high demands on the fabrication of rotation elements.

Ceiling:

• ceiling should be above 2.7 meters.

Fresh air:

• consume a lot of electrical energy;
• air can be fed at the same time a maximum of two rooms;
• the installation of air supply systems is reduced ceiling height.

Air Handling:

• It is necessary to periodically divert condensate accumulating;
• noise during operation;
• no cooling system.

Explosion protection:

• power is lost due to a large gap in the ring.

smoke:

• Unsafe, since there is a likelihood of ignition of combustible materials from which the roof is formed so outlet should be at an altitude of more than two meters.

What is better to choose

• For office or small room suitable version of table fan, it is convenient to place in different parts of space on cabinetOn the table on the shelves. Choose a model with a rotating body to be able to blow a larger space.
• Do you want to feel the sea, feel the coolness of the south wind, choose a model equipped with simulation mode breeze.
• If you want the fan worked at night and does not interfere with sleep, choose a unit with night mode, which operates quietly and efficiently.
• For convenience and comfort ventilation control devices have become a model in which there is complete control and timer.
• For large areas it is recommended to buy the large size fans with the ability to rotate the housing.
• Column models do not have the blades, they are considered the safest compared with other species.

Ventilation systems and air conditioning systems installed in all areas that require constant air renewal.

Exploitation

With fan operation at standard conditions (GOST), serve long device. Terms of the following:

• Atmospheric pressure is about 100 kPa.
• The room temperature varied between 20 degrees celsius.
• air density should be not more than 1.2 kilograms per square meter.
• Relative room humidity reaches 50 percent.

It is important to note that all of the pressure loss to calculate just will not work, so it is recommended to purchase the device with a supply pressure of about 15 percent.

Warranty and defects

The warranty period for fans depends on the destination machine and the manufacturer. Guarantee for smooth operation of the device is given by its operation, provided in accordance with the rules specified in the user guide.

If you do not work at home fan, make sure first that it is included in socket. If it still does not start, it is necessary to identify the cause of failure, contact the service center.

The cost of repair depends on the price of broken parts and price list for the master service. If you understand a little bit in the technique, and the product has a warranty period of service is ended, you can make your own fan repair.

manufacturers fans

On the official website you will find all the products offered by the company: kitchen appliances, air conditioning systems and home devices. Products are of high quality, but the prices are above average.

The company offers a range of devices for adjusting the climate, including several varieties of the fans.

The company offers on its website all sorts of equipment for home, kitchen and beauty, as well as the climatic equipment. The company offers the fans table, floor and heating.

Price range of these products is acceptable for the average buyer.

On the company's website provides home appliances, auto-electronics and audio-video equipment.

The site contains the entire range. Firm offers for the sale different types of heaters, as well as several floor and table models of domestic fans.

Rolsen company sells equipment for the home, car and beauty. On the company's site in HVAC equipment section you will find several varieties of floor and table fans.

The company sells watches, kitchen appliances, home and beauty. The official website of the company is represented by several varieties of HVAC equipment.

can be found on the company's website not only for home appliances and HVAC equipment, but also a huge variety of dishes, fixtures, tablets, TVs and much more.

Timberk company focused only on climate products, heat and water heating equipment. On the site you can find all the information.

The company produces various products for the food and beverage, HVAC equipment, vacuum cleaners, Irons, as well as techniques for hair care and beauty of creation. The site will tell all detail.