Spray gun: A device type and characteristics, how to choose

Spray guns and sprayers - a tool for fine work with solutions that specifies the output surface without texture.

There is a suggestion that the spray gun increases the deposition rate of material compared to the manual method. In this case, not taken into account the time required for equipment setup.

As a result, the time gain is minimal, but the ease of use and functionality exceed the performance of hand tools.

device gun

Each gun consists of three main components:

• gun or rod - for spray finishing;
• plastic or metal tank - for pouring liquid solutions;
• power system - to start and operation of the device.

The principle of operation of different models is similar, but differs in detail. Pneumatic involves the use of a compressor with a receiver for the surge in air - and he will be powered gun.

On other models, the work is organized easier, so we consider the principle to the most sophisticated devices:

• The tank is removed, filled with paint or another solution, and then screwed to the gun.
• Flexible hose kit (different lengths available) is attached on one side to put together a set, and the second - to the running compressor.

At the time of the work on the device should be pumped desired pressure - for professional models, on average 6 bar.

• When the arrow on the display reaches the desired mark can include a device.
• Atomization is achieved by the compressed air entering the gun. When you press a button or lever is its movement, and a vacuum is created in the head. This gives the necessary conditions for fluid movement through a tube situated inside the tank.
• Screws, located at the rear of the gun, help to regulate flow of liquid and air. Through the central hole - gun nozzle - the solution fed onto the surface.
• Placed around the nozzle of the torch air nozzles define circuit - so called spot which issued spray gun when the gun is pressed single lever.

Models of spray guns, not involving the use of the compressor, operate similarly. The only difference - no need to discharge pressure before work.

The electrics instead of air compressed by the compressor turbine used or integrated pumps.

Types and characteristics of spray guns

The basic types of spray guns - electrical, mechanical and pneumatic. There are also variations combined.

Electric

The food served in a familiar way with the use of wires and sockets.

• This type of gun is suitable for beginners, as it requires no pressure control and immediately suitable for the job.
• Analogue computers often come with lower tank.
• The pressure is regulated by the button.

Pneumatic

It involves the use of the compressor as a power supply system.

• Pistols and tanks for devices of this type are often manufactured from a metal - primarily aluminum.
• Fittings gun comes in a metal version, it can also be used a reinforced hard plastic.
• In the base of the majority of them are available removable tanks and nozzles. Reserve tank is usually installed directly above the gun. These component parts are increased requirements for tightness of joints.

Standard twisted flexible hose kit is 5 m. This is usually enough to handle very large rooms, so decided just to buy more accessories required length.

accumulator

Similar to electrical, but is more mobile.

• Suitable for holiday needs and facilities, which are not supplied with electricity.
• Functions and features are similar to electrics, but when you select must also pay attention to the volume of the battery and its composition.
• Appearance building reminds screwdriver, unlike in the attached below the head tank - under the place where the screwdriver bit clamp.
• Duration of use of limited battery capacity.

Mechanical

• The device is being used to whitewash and other works that do not require precision and smoothness of the coating.
• Work on the principle of the pumping chamber. Air scolding mechanically with rhythmic presses on a special lever or handle.
• The operating pressure is 0.4-0.6 MPa.
• Paint or solution is fed forcedly from the pump.

Distinguish diaphragm and piston models of mechanical sprayers. Piston type consists of two arms, rods and the pump plunger. A diaphragm based on the type of membrane feed.

Power

Devices power below 500 watts is regarded as a household. Plume opacity and output them negligible.

Operation at low powers laborious accompanied streaks solution and transitions layers. It requires increased skill of the performer.

The pneumatic device, this parameter is not refers to the spray guns, but is totally dependent on the connected compressor and its performance.

Actual capacity is considered only in electric and battery models. The higher it is, the more uniform coverage and more comfortable operation.

Pressure

Pressure 4-5 atmospheres is considered optimal for the application of most types of paint.

• For spraying liquid fillers requires increased pressure in combination with a broader nozzle does not risk to the gun otherwise withstand load: junctions will flow, will clog the outlets.
• The pressure controls the speed and volume of paint application in the form of its loss of particulate mist. In terms of economical and accurate operation pattern with preferred minimum operating pressure - the order of 0.6 bar.
• Models with elevated pressure above 6 bar, easy to work. They allow tightly applied solution, but significant loss of the dispersion, up to 40% of the material.

Functions and equipment

Basic equipment: tank gun and the system power supply. Besides these complete, the following accessories:

• Tanks can be supplemented with nozzles for blowing, vertical and spare the lower models. Each kit comes with a small cover is a plastic hose to the solution supply.
• Special silicone for sealing joints of equipment. Applicable to non-removable nodes, but in case of problems with the flow and is used as a sealant for the neck of the tank.
• Set of needles for cleaning nozzles and air - is found in premium models.

Interchangeable nozzles are not in each model. they usually buy more as needed.

The diameter of the nozzle is selected according to the size fraction of the solution, have to work with. Rounded base values ​​listed in the table below:

For aggressive liquids available cover with metal hose for suction of the solution - it makes the action of chemicals and does not degrade in the process.

Pressure gauge for gun

The device is designed to monitor the discharge pressure of working:

• It helps identify whether the spray gun is ready for use.
• It is used for point adjustment pressure liquids with high viscosity.

As a rule, pressure gauge comes complete with a pneumatic gun, but is located on the compressor housing. Typically, a separate outlet in a circular frame with arrows indicating the current pressure in the device.

Pressure regulated handle or wheel, is set in advance to the extent necessary, after which a further charge will be suspended.

Spray with a remote compressor

The device is designed for electric spray gun. Small compressor connected to a flexible hose gun, sets spray coating quality comparable to the pneumatic operation models.

But engenders a series of shortcomings:

• The remote device reduces the mobility of the compressor;
• capacity and operating pressure, are generally low;
• the compressor housing is generally made of plastic - it is a problem of mechanical damage;
• mass increased tool - with an external compressor model weigh an average of 5 kg.

The choice of such a device is justified when there is no opportunity to use a full-featured pneumatic counterpart.

Airless

With this type of spray solution is fed under pressure through the hose by airless unit.

Characteristics:

• Torch with clear outlines.
• Pressure reaches 530 bar.
• Suitability for use with high viscosity solutions.
• When painting material surfaces often ricochets off the surface, forming a fine mist.
• The quality of the coating often lower than that of air analogs; tendency to drip and uneven stacking caused applicable nozzles - their smaller cross section than that of common models.

Benefits

Each type presents its own set of advantages.

Electric

• It requires no special skills to use.
• No need for suitable selection of the tank base corresponds to specify the properties and power tool.
• The relatively light weight and ease of transportation.
• Operating pressure is stable, easily adjustable, all system components are designed taking into account its not need a laborious selection of suitable accessories.

Pneumatic

• The best quality of the coating, which is unmatched by any single counterpart.
• Sufficient mobility at right selected length of the hose. An employee holds a weight of only the gun with a tank - they are lighter than any team model.
• Flexible control pressure flare width, coating density.
• The tool is suitable for long term professional use, suitable for large areas.
• Increased in comparison with other models speed and coating width.

accumulator

• Do not depend on the presence of current or voltage. The solutions were sprayed in the conditions of lack of electricity.
• Small weight and dimensions. The tool is easy to hold with one hand - an important indicator of the processing of hard to reach places. For example, when painting a roof.
• Missing cord does not burn, will not be flooded with a torch - excluded the main problems of electric spray gun with the same basic functionality.

Mechanical

• Folding extendable rod can handle the surface at a considerable height without the use of ladders.
• Integrated filter cartridge removes excess thickened solution and krupnofraktsionnye particles.
• Mechanical spray gun quickly cover large areas. His head enough to whitewash the ceiling, while on the floor.
• Suitable spray adhesive and fire retardant mixtures.

Problems

Disadvantages are also binding to the type of equipment. They have every model, but the possibilities of the instrument most able to neutralize them.

Electric

• coating quality is low. The only difference from the brush or roller - is sufficiently smooth surface at the outlet.
• Wire length causes problems with movement. It requires a large number of built-in sockets or using perenosok.
• Models with the upper tank generally unsuitable for the application of paint, since any flaws tightness (as joints or lid) able to incapacitate electrician.

Pneumatic

• Pnevmomodeli can not be attributed to the Budget System
• The basic kit is designed for no more than an instant performance. Secondary nozzle, hose length is short.
• Require disassembly and connection of multiple devices, their regulation and proper maintenance.
• At failure of the compressor gun becomes unsuitable for use.
• Increased requirements for ventilation during work and after, as well as to protection of the employee. The air accumulates slurry solution used.

It clogs the pores of the skin and the respiratory tract. When using toxic materials it can be dangerous to health.

accumulator

• Not suitable for use with a vast surface, as it depends on the battery charge. Not all devices is expected spare battery.

Waiting a few hours of charge as detrimental to incomplete coatings - explicit transitions are formed between the layers.

• The pressure in the spray gun depends on the battery charge decreases proportionally. This instability spoils long finish surfaces - walls, ceilings, and as the size of the dispersion depends on it.
• Most often it is a low-power tool, delicate work they carry out is difficult.
• When emptying the tank offsets the tool weight - with use numb hands and tired, despite the light weight dispenser.

Mechanical

• Requires a seal valve or setting of the pump. The process is laborious for beginners, it requires special skills.
• The coating thickness is uneven at the outlet.
• The device is not suitable for use with liquids and coarsely solutions of high viscosity.
• The average weight of the product reaches 5 kg, which is inconvenient when moving.

How to choose a gun

When choosing a gun is necessary to pay attention to the quality of work and mechanical fitting tank and spray uniformity of solutions.

• Check the tightness of the tank and nozzle - fill the water tank and try it out spray. Pressing the feed lever or button moisture should not ooze through the abutting parts of the tool. The most critical is for electrics.
• When separate dokupanii nozzle check their compatibility with the existing gun. The thread must be the same, the plane - exactly flush. When spraying jets unacceptable distortions.
• When it comes to pnevmomodeli may require disassembly of the gun, to assess its quality. Items must be rigid, no scratches and chipping.

• When spraying test water quality is evaluated on the wall of the torch, the uniformity of the layer. Of course, the water will leave streaks, but the fewer, the more comfortable will further work with liquid colors.
• The size of the nozzle is adjusted for the type of coverage, which is the most common work is planned. Paint gun be diluted with water or solvent, but this procedure will not change the initial fraction of the material.

That it should be guided in choosing the nozzle. This option is specified by the manufacturer on the paint packaging.

Preferred stainless metal reinforcement elements: tanks, nozzles, a solution supply hose.

Location tank

• The bottom is used for liquid solutions and all types of paint.
• Upper often used for spraying phlox, putty or other decorative materials of reduced strength.
• Tank capacity is desirable to select more than 0.5 liters.

Receiver tank with compressor models - if the priority of the compactness and light weight of the device model are chosen volume of 24-30 liters. For maximum performance, the preferred capacity of 50 liters or more.

Pneumatic

Pneumopaintboard - only type that requires matching the tank pressure and air volume. There is a special marking:

• HP - designed to work at elevated pressure. Usually it is a pressure of 5-6 bar at a reduced air flow. Budget type is not suitable for working with enamels and varnishes.
• HVLP - low pressure (1 bar) at an increased airflow. Higher quality coatings suitable for use with the basic types of materials.
• LVLP - low pressure and low air consumption. With such a tank material loss as a fine slurry low, is not more than 20%. Suitable for liquid and dry and mixtures of all types of coatings.

Which is better

Every finisher will answer without hesitation that the pneumatic tool is better than the electrical and mechanical counterparts. He is not as mobile, but the quality of the coating, inherent, not available for other types of equipment.

• If you at the forefront of mobility, or it is a one-off jobs, the best choice will be an electric or cordless tools. An additional factor in its favor - both types do not require special skills, can be coated with a novice.
• Mechanical spray guns should be considered only in limited circumstances and budget to work with low-viscosity fluids.

For example, a mobile and compact cordless spray gun can not operate without recharging for more than a couple hours, and bulky machine tool has low power.

Also has a value of viscosity of the solution to be applied, the requirements for the quality and uniformity of the coating, the flow rate of the material.

Exploitation

instrument maintenance is reduced to its timely washing. It is not necessary to throw away the instructions, if you have not ever encountered with the design of the spray gun - it shows the order of assembly.

Surface washing gun insufficient. It will have to analyze each time you change colors, or completion of the work day cycle.

Analysis and cleaning steps:

• Unscrew the removable tank paint brush rinse it with warm water and dry. Free of wet container alters the viscosity of the ink, it is possible incorrect application.
• Unscrew the head that holds a removable nozzle.
• It is necessary to remove the removable parts. Depending on the model are: a nozzle, a plastic plate, a metal rod, a plastic tube for collecting ink.

• All items are thoroughly washed and dried. Optimal purge compressor.
• Upon completion of the washing gun going in reverse. It is not necessary to twist the details - often plastic parts can not withstand excessive pressure.

Brush for cleaning should not be rough in order to avoid scratches and clogging the nozzle. Metal variations also misplaced.

No matter what kind of sprayer is used, it is necessary to use personal protective equipment. Conventional construction gloves, masks and goggles to cope with this task.

After application of the tool you need to ventilate the room. In cases where this is not possible (fresh wallpaper, for example), wait until a slurry solution will settle on the floor. It is not necessary to work in the room, until it settles a fine mist of paint.

Guarantee

As a rule, the warranty is valid from the date of purchase of the tool, but there are exceptions, when the time is indicated with the date of shipment or delivery of the equipment to the warehouse.

Traditionally, does not apply to mechanical damage, incorrect assembly and operation of the instrument. Also out of warranty consumables, unless the factory marriage.

To obtain warranty service is required to provide a number of documents: trade and cash checks, completed coupon with stamp seller. In the case of marriage, further examination results are attached.

The average term of guarantee is 2 years.

Faults and repairs

Faults spray guns often appear in the incorrect supply of paint or jamming buttons.

Curve or narrow jet

It indicates clogged nozzles. The problem arises when dealing with the size fractions greater than the working diameter of the nozzle, as well as drying paints along the rim.

In the case of driving fraction requires selection of nozzles with a larger diameter than the current one. A problem with dried paint solved by cleaning and rinsing the instrument.

Small size of the jet

Clogged side channels for air. They are located next to the outlet, look like two small holes. Clogged with dust or dried paint. Cleaned needle or other sharp object, and blowing practice.

Additionally, sometimes required flushing, for this gun head is completely disassembled.

sided jet

Broken or damaged tip (pin) for spraying paint or nozzle. You need to check the integrity of the package. Independent repair without the use of welding is unlikely. Often damaged item is replaced by analogue.

flattening jet

There are two reasons:

• Overpressure;
• work with low-viscosity material.

In case of problems with the pressure made his adjustment - in pnevmomodelyah it is set on the compressor. If the cause of collapsing due to improperly selected viscosity, often require replacement of nozzles for less in diameter.

jamming buttons

Characteristically for electrics. It occurs when driving the tool or the dust from the dried paint. To repair housing need analysis and Cleaning button. These actions are necessary, and if the button does not work due to withdrawal of contacts.

manufacturers

Companies specializing in the production of paint technology, are rare. Basically it represented universal tool manufacturers.

Bosch - German manufacturer of electric and pneumatic tools for professional and domestic use. Available electric spray gun model, mainly for home (green) series. The warranty on equipment of up to 3 years.

Energomash - a brand owned by German manufacturer of electrical Sturm. Available electric spray guns, there are models with extended nozzles. The warranty is 14 months.

FIT - producer from Canada. It specializes in pneumatic and electric tools. Spray guns are available in pnemoispolnenii. There are models with a pressure gauge. 2-year warranty.

FUBAG - the German manufacturer of welding and compressor equipment. Guns pneumatic type. Product warranty of 2 years.

Kalibr - Russian manufacturer of equipment for home, garden and industrial facilities. Electrics available spray guns. Warranty is 1 year.

Prorab - Russian manufacturer of power tools and machine tools. Electrics available spray guns. 1 year warranty.

SATA - German manufacturer of construction machinery. premium products, spray. Extended warranty up to 3 years.

Sturm - the manufacturer from Germany. Specializes in the budget power tools, it has several brands. Available electric guns. Warranty 14 or 25 months, depending on the model.

Wagner - an international concern with the main office in Germany. Tech specialized in the paint tool. Electric spray gun. Guarantee of the year.