Overview of 4 types of the best wood boilers: how to choose the characteristics rating

Woody boiler - a device closed type of cast iron or steel, which serves for heating the coolant (water). It is a kind of solid-fuel boilers.

The device and principle of operation

The design of the boiler

• furnace chamber - a container in which the wood is burned. Wood laid across the furnace door.
• Chimney - serves to remove gaseous products of combustion from the furnace.
• gridiron - grille between the firebox and ash pan. It serves as a base for laying wood and ssypaniya residual products of combustion (coal ash) in the ashpan.
• ashtray - camera used for removing solid products of combustion and to supply air through the blind (louvers) into the furnace.
• heat exchanger - insulated circuit around the combustion chamber, wherein the walls of the coolant heating occurs.
• Inlet and outlet pipes - necessary for supplying the coolant in the heating system, hot water and return (return) to the heat exchanger for reheating.

• thermal insulation - a layer of a material with low thermal conductivity, which is located under the outer casing of the unit. It serves to reduce heat loss to the external environment.

Methods fuel combustion

• Without additional air - natural draft.
• With additional supply air fan whose power is adjusted to change the heat emission intensity.
• Pyrolysis combustion mechanism - the fuel is heated in an environment with a small amount of oxygen occurs evolution of gas flowing into the other chamber, in which there is inflammation and its thermal isolation energy.
• Long term burning - combustion of wood direction downwards.

Purpose and functions

Solid fuel boilers - a good alternative to gas. Ability to use as a cheap fuel coolants make them indispensable where no electricity or gas is conducted.

The fuel used

• firewood;
• pellets - Pressed wood and agricultural waste in the form of cylinders with a diameter of 10 mm;
• briquets - differ by size pellets (350 mm), shape (cylinder, "brick", hexagon), the ruler of manufacturing material (peat, coal and brown coal);
• wood and coal;
• wood and gas.

Modern equipment operations control systems can inform the owner about the state of the data teplosistemy on a cell phone, e-mail address.

How to choose the wood boiler

important parameters

• Area and volume of heated rooms - influence the choice of the power unit. 100 m should fall 10 kW of power, with the power reserve - 12 kWt.
• Heat loss index structures - is determined by the material used for the construction of houses, outer walls of thickness, the area of ​​window and door openings.

• The climate - takes into account the average temperatures in winter.
• the need for domestic hot water - determines the number of the circuits.
• Availability of electricity - influences the choice between systems with forced or natural circulation. Automates the fuel supply and control boiler operation.
• Type of fuel.
• The volume of the combustion chamber - determines the performance, fuel mass, length of firewood.
• a fuel combustion process.
• Heat exchanger material (Steel, cast iron).
• Price.

secondary options

The work of the heating equipment must be reliable and safe, so to secondary parameters include:

• Unit design - parameter is taken into account when installing the boiler in a residential area;
• the depth of the combustion chamber - affects the amount pledged firewood, labor costs in preparation for the tab.

Best long wood burning boiler

Assemblies with prolonged combustion process divided by the method of fuel loading:

• The top (upper combustion).
• Bottom (pyrolysis).

Pyrolysis boilers in a separate group, so they do not take into consideration.

upper combustion boiler

Top loading unit differs from the other products of extended upwards furnace and burning downward direction.

Active combustion air supply is regulated through the device, based on the fuel, and at least reducing the fuel volume, it falls down.

When designing the following property was used: a burnt chips, flame rotated upward, it burns slower.

pros

• Efficiency from 85% to 93%.
• Power 8-40 watts.
• Most combustor fuel permits loading up to 100 kg, which increases the gap between tabs.
• Do not depend on the availability of electricity.
• Burning a bookmark about 30 hours. Increasing this index possible when higher power is usually recommended.
• A wide range of fuel used (wood, briquettes, coal, anthracite).

Minuses

• Fuel high ash combustion zone clog mechanical residues that causes a decrease in combustion intensity.
• Difficulties in the ignition at part load the furnace.
• Condensation of acid in contact with a cold water jacket unit (return). As a consequence, metal failure. presence of a small circuit with forced circulation is required.
• You must pass a full cycle of burning of fuel loaded. Resuming almost impossible.
• Price.

Ranking of the best wood boilers long burning

Buderus Logano G221 ("Bosch Thermotechnology" LLC, the Khimki) – model with the following characteristics:

• large combustion chamber allows to load firewood length 57 cm;
• heating area of ​​400 sq.m .;
• versatility in the fuel (wood, coal, coke);
• It can be used as a standalone system or in conjunction with systems using gas or other fuel.

Stropuva (Lithuania) - upper combustion boiler has received European recognition. It has proven itself on the market:

• volatile;
• high efficiency (86%);
• reliability in critical indicators;
• large combustion chamber.

bear CWR (JSC "Concern Bear" Mr. Kostroma) - Russian engineers modified model analog proven but expensive Stropuvy.

Distinctive features:

• combustion chamber faced with stiffening ribs, which prevents the walls of the furnace deform under overpressure;
• more convenient stacking of fuel through the high door;
• collapsible design simplifies purification of a deposit;
• a valve for regulating rod, responsive to the temperature of the coolant;
• non-volatile;
• fuel: wood, wood chips, briquettes;
• cheaper analog.

Best single-loop wood boiler

Aggregates with a coolant circuit has one output and one input (return). The water heated by the heat exchanger wall, enters the manifold for heating radiators on the premises.

Advantages and disadvantages of the boiler with one circuit to be seen in comparison to articles having two main outputs (two-circuit).

pros

• a cheaper option if you do not need hot water in the building;
• Efficiency above;
• can not depend on availability of electric power (off-line) if no additional equipment is installed, operating on electricity;
• when used for hot water supply and the availability of a boiler the heated water delivery tap without delay and without any temperature gradients.

Minuses

• in the case of this type of equipment, to create a WAN requires installation of the boiler, which entails purchase of additional equipment and, therefore, increased costs and footprint installation.

The best wood-gas boiler

Equipment operating on two kinds of fuel is determined as a combination (bitoplivnoe). Available in single-circuit and double-circuit. They differ in design:

• Single-chamber - the burner is on top, the heat exchanger is located above the burner. The transition from one mode to another takes place manually and requires frequent cleaning of soot burner.
• Two-cell - fuel heating occurs in independent furnaces, switching over to another chamber without stopping the heating medium heating process enables automation.

pros

• efficiency - low cost wood (wood) and gas at a lower cost than purchasing two mono-aggregates;
• Interchangeability - alternate use prevents critical situations at emergency shutdown of the main gas distribute the use of one of the species in the night, day time.

Automatic connection gas after burning solid fuel;

• high efficiency;
• autonomy - in the case of using odnokoturnogo boiler with manual switching of liquefied gas from the cylinder.

Minuses

• price - bitoplivnogo boiler cost exceeds the cost of mono-fuel;
• dimensions and weight (dual chamber);
• complex assembly - to install, configure and connect better to invite experts of the equipment;
• the boiler is installed in a separate room, according to the requirements of the operation because of the connection to the gas pipeline;
• It requires the preparation and coordination of the project connecting gas equipment, control the connection from specialized services.

Rating wood-gas boilers

Combined modifications are popular among owners of private houses.

The cost of such equipment is correlated with the costs of construction and ease of maintenance and reliability of the boiler is fitted with an automatic, not comparable to the financial cost of their purchase.

Domestic models are much cheaper than European counterparts, but require careful monitoring and prevention of pre-assembly units.

ZOTA «Mix» (TPK "Krasnoyarskenergokomplekt") - a combination of low price and good quality:

• main fuel coal, firewood, briquettes;
• after installation of additional hardware (burner heater) runs on gas and electricity;
• single loop, but the second circuit can be installed.

Jaspi Triplex (Finland) - pot of European quality and reliability:

• Work on gas or diesel oil, wood and coal, electricity;
• two combustion chambers: a Jaspi Triplex3000 burner for solid fuel cleaved accommodates a length of 50 cm;
• built-in heater;
• We recommend installing the heat accumulator to increase efficiency when working with wood;
• It does not require frequent cleaning of the furnace;
• quite a high price.

CTC 2200 TRIO (Sweden) - products of the company, member of the three largest manufacturers and exporters of Europe.

High quality components, the ability to connect a programming device that regulates the system in Depending on the climatic conditions of operation, it allows us to consider this model as one of the most best:

• wood, coal, natural gas, diesel fuel, electricity;
• three PETN;
• high efficiency;
• embedded heater;
• Turbofan;
• automatic control mode;
• All components are available for maintenance and repair;
• light weight.

The best wood-coal boiler

Units working on wood and coal belong to the universal solid fuel boilers. In their design differences burning two fuels were taken into account:

• Coal is combusted with little or no flame;
• for uniform burning coal fuel requires a greater flow of air which is provided in this type of boiler forced injection;
• coal combustion temperature exceeds 1000 ° C, which increases the demands on the strength characteristics of the heat exchanger

pros

• ease of construction, maintenance and repair of the boiler;
• a wide range of boilers of different manufacturers allows you to choose a model with the necessary characteristics of good quality at affordable price;
• ordinary conditions of purchase, storage of coal and wood;
• a variety of models of non-volatile.

Minuses

• heavy weight of the unit;
• require regular cleaning of ash from the combustion products;
• models with high efficiency are of high value;
• Fuel need humidity control.

Rating wood-coal-fired boilers

Zota Master-20 (TPK "Krasnoyarskenergokomplekt") - one of the most inexpensive solid aggregates. Low price does not impact on the quality of:

• deep insert to 70 cm;
• Combined heat exchanger;
• single-loop;
• autonomy;
• the presence of the cooking surface;
• PETN and accommodate gas burner.

Bourgeois-K-20 STANDARD (OOO "Teplogarant" Mr. Kostroma) - one of the most reliable models, well proven in the market of heating equipment:

• pyrolysis combustion mechanism;
• energy independence;
• logs length 55 cm;
• planimetric (available dual-circuit model K-Bourgeois MODERN T-12A-2K);
• shell thickness is not less than 6 cm;

OPOP N424 (Czech Republic) - one of the most popular European models with good combination of price and quality:

• fuel - wood, brown and black coal, coke;
• autonomous (non-volatile);
• availability of automatic power control, pressure gauge, thermometer;
• incorporated into the design of the cooling loop for the safe dissipation of heat;
• the furnace placed large firewood;
• top loading fuel.