Lanterns: types, characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, how to choose, manufacturers

Lanterns are used for different purposes: in the home, building, travel. Their main characteristics are impact resistance, moisture resistance, glow distance and direction of the light beam.

Principle of operation

LED flashlights easily incorporated, are transferred to the hands. They shine bright enough to have a high capacity. For the hull use plastic or metal.

Plastic lanterns light, metal - not afraid of moisture, dust and shock. Models equipped with a wrist strap, can focus the rays extending or bringing them closer.

The principle of operation of the LED lamp:

• LED consists of semiconductors that convert the incoming current into light. Current is sent only from the anode to the cathode, creates a p-n junction.

Electrons are found with holes and lose their energy, from which photons are generated. It is necessary that several semiconductors with different types of conductivity interacted with each other.

• The hole - space in the crystal lattice, which after exposure to electrons are moving from the upper atomic shells and a positive charge is formed.

• Electrons and holes penetrate through the diffusion layer formed in the semiconductor between the portions of different conductivity. This is necessary for the concentration of the same number of electrons and holes on both sides of the layer.

The voltage on the intermediate layer increases. After recombination of holes and electrons is a decrease in the barrier p-n junction, and light energy is emitted.

types of lamps

• Hand full-size lights used in cases where important high power unit for a long time, and its dimensions do not matter. Models are designed for permanent retention in the hands, easy to carry.
• Hand compact lights They are used to illuminate the road or to look for small items in the dark. These devices help out in unexpected situations, so they need to be portable and suitable for everyday wear.
• Lanterns on the forehead allow to work with your hands in places with poor lighting. Range lighting - up to 30 meters. Often, these devices are equipped with a function to select the best mode in a certain place at a certain time.

Headlamps are used by hunters, tourists, motorists, cyclists, builders, doctors.

• tourist lights - resistant to mechanical stress, moisture-proof, practical and compact device. As the power supply and most of the models used batteries and accumulators.

• Dynamo lights - portable devices that operate without batteries; to bring the mechanism into effect should be for some time to rotate the charging handle.

Such a device does not pollute the environment, it can be used for charging the phone.

• Lanterns for diving have high water resistance, a function of changing the color of the luminous flux. Have a high brightness of the light, allow to illuminate objects that are located at long distances.

Most models are equipped with a mode switching function.

• laser lights - devices structurally similar to the search, equipped with a durable housing. Typically, these models operate at low temperature regimes, possess tight and reliable metal alloy housing.

• Trinkets - compact devices that are worn in the keychain. Used to perform simple tasks, their functionality and brightness lower than the handheld units.
• Flashlight-shockers - is not only a personal light, but also an effective means of self-defense. They hurt beat shock even through thick down jackets.

Characterized by strength, stable metal casing, which is not subjected to mechanical damage. Such devices are set high prices.

• Tactical (grenade) flashlights - devices used in conjunction with fastening the arms. The main function - target illumination at a low luminance. Range lighting - within 50 meters.

Additional Performance - narrow emission angle, small size and capacity of the device. Metal housing devices provide thorough protection from water. Additional features: remote control mode switching.

• search lights - devices used to carry in the hand, with high brightness and the emission range. Devices have a large battery compartment. Range lighting - up to 250 meters.

Equipped with a function of the variability of the angle of illumination, switching modes, with an average power. Robust metal housing protects against water.

By type of power allocated:

• Lights, which are powered by battery. Recharged from the mains, the power source is a nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, lead-acid or lithium-ion battery.
• Lights, battery operated. Such devices are lighter, do not require recharging device.

Features lights

Among the characteristics of the torches are allocated:

• size;
• brightness of the light flux;
• Power of the light source (LED model);
• working hours;
• number of modes;
• Resilience (moisture, frost);
• digital stabilization current;
• the availability of additional accessories.

Evenly dispersed with a little brightness can be obtained in LED lights with the same amount of lumens ranged lights provide a narrow and bright rays.

Range lighting lanterns - from 60 to 150 meters. Portable models can cover the space at a distance of 15 meters.

LED model:

• conventional DIP-LEDs
• SMD-LEDs
• COB-technology,
• Searchlight LED,
• RGB-LEDs,
• LED strip.

DIP-LEDs consist of two metal legs, a clear plastic housing with a small lens inside; structure easy to install and use, and provide good protection from ambient influences, practically do not emit heat.

SMD-LEDs - flat, without legs, they have current applied to terminals that are located on the back side of the LED; have good brightness and light output.

SOC LEDs provide rapid dispersion of light, LED floodlight - high power devices.

RGB-LEDs are luminous color management function. LED strip has high brightness and energy efficiency.

Material flashlight housing:

• aluminum,
• plastic,
• polymer.

Housings aluminum lamps sufficiently strong, have a cylindrical shape. Powder coating protects the metal from corrosion. Anodized lamps are not subjected to mechanical damage.

There are many varieties of plastic and plastic enclosures. Polymeric materials are elastic, are not afraid of strikes.

Length LanternAs a rule, does not exceed 84 cm. This rate depends on the functionality of the device. Compact manual models up to 15.5 cm are used for household needs.

Weight lamps is between 100 gram to 1 kilogram.

Equipment

The kit may include:

• lamp;
• Spare O-rings;
• lanyard;
• branded card in the model;
• cover;
• factory packaging;
• Charger;
• warranty card;
• user's manual.

accessories

Among the accessories used:

• Cases for batteries;
• mounting for lights;
• Silicone grease for rubber surfaces;
• scattering caps, red filters for lighting;
• additional housing;
• Metal clamps for fastening;
• hand strap;
• pad on the button in the tail lamp.

Features

Features flashlights:

• High power devices;
• easy to transport;
• used in construction and in everyday life;
• Portable and convenient for everyday wear.

Features headlamps:

• good range of lighting;
• allow to work in dimly lit places;
• wide scope of use.

Features tourist fixtures:

• moisture resistance;
• resistance to mechanical stress;
• practical and mobile devices.

Features dynamo lamps:

• Portable and compact;
• They run on batteries;
• do not pollute the environment.

Features lanterns for diving:

• a good level of water resistance;
• high brightness light;
• equipped with mode switching function.

Features laser lights:

• have a strong body;
• operating in low temperature conditions;
• have small dimensions;
• possess high impact resistance.

Features of remote controls:

• compact devices;
• used to perform simple tasks;
• low specifications.

Features Lantern shocker:

• effective means of self-protection;
• possess strong metal casing;
• They are not subjected to mechanical damage;
• for such devices set a high price.

Tactical Flashlight Features:

• illuminate the target in poor lighting conditions;
• used in conjunction with fastening the arms;
• have a high range of coverage;
• small size.

Features of search lamps:

• have high luminescence brightness;
• have a good range of lighting;
• with remote control function;
• equipped with mode switching function.

Pros kinds of lanterns

Pros flashlight:

• convenient and compact;
• suitable for individual use;
• easy to transport;
• It has a high capacity.

Benefits headlamp fixtures:

• convenient and practical;
• allow hands-free operation;
• you can select the appropriate mode of operation;
• a wide range of applications.

Pros tourist fixtures:

• equipped with mode switching function;
• resistant to mechanical stress;
• moistureproof;
• practical and compact device;
• have a high intensity of the radiation.

Advantages of the dynamo-lanterns:

• operate without batteries;
• do not pollute the environment;
• used in places with a lack of natural light.

Pros lanterns for diving:

• high impermeability;
• function changes the color of the light flux;
• Illuminability good at long distances.

Advantages of laser lamps:

• equipped with durable form factor;
• frost patterns;
• small size;
• high impact resistance.

The advantages of remote controls:

• compact and easy to use device;
• lungs.

Pros torch-shocker:

• used for self-defense;
• have a strong body;
• not susceptible to mechanical damage.

Benefits of Tactical Flashlight:

• target illumination in low light conditions;
• high range of the glow;
• good power devices;
• function remote control.

Pros search lights:

• high brightness;
• good range of luminescence;
• Availability of the variability of the angle of illumination;
• mode switching.

Cons kinds of lanterns

Cons hand full-lamps:

• heavy and weighty;
• designed for permanent retention in the hands.

Disadvantages of manual torches:

• not suitable for stationary use;
• designed for permanent retention in their hands;
• specifications are low.

Cons headlamp Lantern:

• unidirectionality of light flux;
• slipping off the flashlight when insecure mounting.

Disadvantages lanterns shocker:

• high price;
• weighty structure.

Cons dynamo lamps:

• Low technical characteristics;
• poor color and low light intensity.

Disadvantages of laser lights:

• heavy construction;
• high price.

Cons trinkets:

• low technical specifications;
• illuminate a small area;
• they are easy to lose.

Disadvantages Tactical Flashlight:

• high price;
• light is directed to one target.

Cons search lights:

• large size;
• heavy construction.

How to choose a lantern

• The first step is to determine the purpose of the lamp. If you need lamp for the home or garden, will be enough with a flashlight light bulb storing on alkaline D-size batteries. Hikers choose LED lighting.
• Depending on the purpose for which you need a flashlight, we determine the necessary size of the lamp. Hand pocket devices to be used in everyday life, should be light and compact, to make it easy and convenient to carry.

• When selecting equipment, consider the environment in which you have to work, hunt, travel.

For underwater sports need model with a moisture resistant housing in low-temperature conditions are used with special devices and anti-frost coating.

• Pay attention to the light output. It is not recommended to buy a model with too bright light for garden and domestic use, because every lumen increases and the amount of energy required to operate the device.

For such needs quite a flashlight in the 10-30 lm. Cyclists, hunters used lamps 100 lm.

• An important criterion when choosing a - glow time. Choose a model with a brightness of 40 lumens from a single AA battery for four hours.

• Low light should be as natural.
• Choose models with multiple modes. lamp brightness should be arranged under different environmental conditions. This will allow to reduce and increase the brightness of the different segments of the route, adjust the brightness of the light flux.
• If you are going to use the flashlight often stop for devices that operate on batteries AA or AAA. Model battery suitable for household needs.

• If the lamp has a threaded sealing rubber rings, it means that the enclosure waterproof. To flashlight not slipped out of the gloves or wet hands, choose the mechanisms with a notch on the body.
• The best coating for housing - anodized (Type II or Type III). Consider packaging fixture. Special diffusers are used to disperse light in different directions, the converting point light in the filler.
• When choosing a rechargeable flashlights specify method of charging.

The most common battery charger, which is designed for home network with a voltage of 220 V, some types of Lantern charged by car cigarette lighter with a voltage of 12 V, there are models that can be charged from USB-ports.

• Buy lighting from professional series, which are distinguished by reliability, durability and economy. These devices are equipped with a durable form factor, well-equipped.

Best Flashlight:

• have a strong constructive;
• They operate at low and high temperature conditions;
• moisture- and frost-resistant;
• easily portable;
• Portable and compact;
• They have a beautiful appearance.

Exploitation

Recommendations for the use and care of the lanterns:

• Keep a flashlight in a dry and cool place so that it can get during a power failure.
• Batteries need to be replaced regularly, even if they are not used for a long time.
• It is desirable to have a flashlight in the house and the car in case of emergencies. Along with the device it is recommended to store and extra batteries for replacement.

• Flashlights should not be stored at high temperature conditions, thereby the batteries can leak.
• To avoid overheating the torch, do not use it for a long time at maximum operation.
• If you hold a flashlight and a hand starts to sweat, then you must go on sparing mode. It is recommended to replace the thermal grease in the head torch every 2 years.
• Before operating, check whether all the parts are tight flashlight. Worn silicone gaskets must be free of defects.

• No matter how high-impact was not a flashlight, try not to drop it on the floor, it leads to the fact that the port of the lens and internal electronics.
• If the items lamp housing become tight curl, lubricate the rubber rings with silicone oil. When lubricating do not touch the threads due to the rapid accumulation of dirt.
• If the lens appeared the beam spot, it should be wiped with a flashlight reflector. If it is not included, you will need to replace the battery, wipe with cotton sticks threaded elements and be sure to check the contacts.

Precautionary measures:

• Children can use the flashlight only under strict adult supervision.
• To direct the light beam directly into the eyes can not, it leads to vision loss.
• Take care to prevent water and other liquids get onto the internal battery or the flashlight.
• You can not use damaged batteries.
• Do not leave the appliance unattended when in maximum mode.

• Do not repair the flashlight by yourself, it is best to contact the experts.
• It is strictly forbidden to change the design of the luminaire.
• Despite the functionality of the device, only use the device for its intended purpose.
• Be careful with lithium-ion batteries, they may ignite or explode when shorted at high temperatures.

Guarantee

Warranty on lamps provided for the period from 1 to 5 years depending on the brand and type of product. You will need the warranty card or receipt of purchase.

Warranty will not be granted under these circumstances:

• the goods have been used for other purposes;
• rules of operation mechanisms violated;
• used poor-quality batteries;
• battery leakage has occurred;
• on the cover there are traces of mechanical damage.

malfunctions

Repair LED Flashlight:

• Do not turn on or flickers during operation. One solution - to tighten the threaded elements. Check the battery, it may have failed. To do this, unscrew the back cover and close the flashlight housing.
• If the problem is modular button, insert pliers with thin stings or fine scissors into the holes and turn clockwise.
• Check how tight the LED module inside the enclosure; loose attachment occurs quite frequently. To fix this, pliers or forceps scroll unit clockwise until it stops.

It should be very careful, otherwise you can damage the LED.

• If the lamp delivers a dim light, the problem is likely to damage the driver - the system which controls the lamp modes and is responsible for the power supply. vypayat blown driver, replace it with a new fix for this problem.
• To test the LEDs, it is necessary to bring to the pads of the LED voltage of 4.2 V. If it burns badly, you should change it to a new item.

Lantern manufacturers

The products are made from high-grade materials, preference is given to Japanese and American. Model range is wide, so everyone will choose for themselves a flashlight for any needs: fishing, hiking, hunting, everyday use.

Most of the company's LED lights have the following technical specifications:

• temperature and battery level indication;
• automatically switch to lower brightness mode;
• automatic protection against polarity reversal and chaotic inclusion;
• signaling mode (Strobe, SOS, Beacon).

The range includes products for tourism, hunting and fishing, diving, extreme sports.

A group of German companies is a major manufacturer of industrial and consumer electronics. The range of wide range of products: refrigerators, washing machines, gas and electric ovens, vacuum cleaners, Household appliances, power tools.

Products are durable, comfortable and environmentally friendly operation. Consumables and spare parts continue to be issued after withdrawal of the product from the production for another 10 years. Prices of acceptable products of high quality.

The US company is the world leader in the production of batteries. Brand with a century of history brought to life the best technologies of the century, it was first produced salt and alkaline batteries, a flashlight, a battery tester.

Among the goods - lights, battery chargers, batteries and miniature batteries cameras.

The company cooperates with Swiss, Indonesian, American, Chinese firms. Delivery of production is carried out in more than 60 countries, has advanced technical properties, is improved every year.

Pricing policy corresponds to the quality of goods.

Founded in 1983 under the leadership of TRW's sales of products for the aftermarket. At present, a brand leader in the industry of production of electrical and electronic automotive parts.

The company is engaged in production of parts that are identical to the original parts, at a reasonable cost.

At present, the brand has been developing sensors, generators, ignition coils, starter relay and traction drives, detectors. The company has developed more than 10 product lines, mainly in the automotive market.

Fenix

The Chinese firm has been producing premium flashlights for hunting, hiking, fishing, prospecting. Products are power, reliable fastening and easy to use.

A wide range of models presented powerful search, camping lanterns, lamps for each day and a variety of accessories.

Fenix ​​products guarantee:

• rugged ergonomic housing units;
• the function of near and far light;
• the optimal power rating and operation time;
• original design and secure fit.

The company uses innovative technology, an acceptable combination of quality and price policy.

Founded in 1993, the company, which specializes in the development and distribution of household electrical appliances. The range includes the lamp, battery, lamps, seasonal appliances.

Dealer network includes 400 dealers in 110 cities of Russia, the supply of goods carried out in Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Moldova, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan.

Popular German company. With advanced technologies and quality materials skilled able to maximize beam concentration. Products represented podstvol'nyy, search, headlamp.

the company's products have the following characteristics:

• tightness;
• ergonomics;
• advanced focusing system.

The company is engaged in production of manual and flashlights. the company's products are not afraid to shock, water and dirt. Flashlights from Maglite are police, security guards, lifeguards, doctors and firefighters.

Products strictly certified and distributed in Western Europe, Asia and Africa. Price corresponds to quality.

The German manufacturer of power tools, construction equipment and tools for metalworking and tools for working in the garden. The company has branches in more than 100 countries around the world.

Among the huge choice of products for engineering and construction works. company's product warranty - 3 years. It uses the latest generation of rechargeable batteries.

The company, which produces LED lights, belongs SYSMAX Corporation since 2007. Products of the company are suitable for campers, hikers, mountaineers, cyclists, hunters.

Products represented by a wide model range and high-quality accessories. The warranty on the lights - 60 months. The acceptable ratio of the pricing policy and quality goods.

The French company has developed special equipment for mountaineers, climbers and spaleologov. Recently, the company produces:

• equipment used to carry out work at height;
• headlamps general and special type;
• equipment used for carrying out rescue operations.

Products comply with European and international standards and safety regulations.

The Russian company has been producing products for tourism and recreation. The range includes alkali and salt batteries, lithium batteries, clock batteries, rechargeable batteries, various types of lights (headlamp, camping, spotlights).

Russian company engaged in the production of lighting and electrical products. Dealership network covers Russia, Germany, France, Hungary, Slovakia, Belarus, Ukraine.

The range - electrical, lighting fixtures for industrial and individual needs.

Products represented by light sources, lamps, decorative lighting, stabilizers, climatic equipment. Products meet current technological and legal norms, strictly certified.

Price matches the quality of the product.

Russian trademark focuses on the issue of portable power sources at an acceptable cost. The company produces high quality lights, used in different conditions.

Buyers are actively involved in the process of testing and improvement of products. The prices match the quality of the goods.