Dry closets: operating principles, types, how to choose, how to use

When there is no time and conditions, to use a stationary toilet or build a full WC, bio-toilet will be indispensable. The present invention is sold for 40 years. The popularity it has received thanks to an increased level of comfort and ease of use. Where there is a problem with water supply to the aid of a portable bio-toilet.

The operating principle of biotoilets

The operating principle of the electric biotoilet
This type of equipment is powered by electricity, so the use of limited network access. For technical performance is the most perfect mechanism, but its value is high.

Each firm-manufacturer produces a model with a large variety of functions. There are products in which the lower tank compartment produces liquid waste from solid, which under high temperature burned to ash, and the liquid is sent to a separate tank or drain.

Components includes vents and pipes for withdrawal of filtered liquid into a sewage pit or reservoir.

The principle of operation of the peat dry closet

These toilets ranks first in environmental performance in the application. They are considered the least expensive and safest.

Cistern filled special peat whose contents also includes sawdust. Neutral ground peat for these purposes is not suitable, because it has not the necessary number of microorganisms with their metabolic products (bioenzimov), which are necessary for the processing of faeces.

At the end of service life, when the peat is mixed with the waste storage tank is emptied. For this purpose, a separate container or special pit.

But the output is in this case - to pour the waste when it reaches half or 1/3. Either to solve this problem by selecting a model, with the presence of the wheels at the bottom of the barrel, to roll back it to the drain points.

The disadvantage of this product is the property spread an unpleasant odor, so the best way is to install it in toilet cubicles, outdoors, or indoors with good ventilation system.

Mainly during the installation performs the correct installation of ventilation. Namely - the exclusion of right angles with the connecting pipes with the withdrawal of the street. The ideal would be to set up the pipe vertically.

This type of operation is suitable for a maximum of two people, when it is assumed occasional use - for example, only on weekends. In this case, clean the tank will have doubled in a year. If you expect more frequent application, then we need to think about draining the fluid in a separate pit or container.

Since the keg contains only peat and sawdust composting toilet can withstand freezing temperatures, and it can be left outside in the cold season.

The principle of operation of cassette biotoilet

These models are popular for home use. They are characterized by simplicity and ease of use.

The principle of operation is that the content flows into the cassette, which is located inside and is equipped with wheels for transportation. Outwardly, it looks like a suitcase. The volume reaches 20 liters.

The waste tank disposed via chemical liquid and become homogeneous. In the event of the need to replace the tape cartridge is replaced by a new, without much effort, and the old - utilized.

The compact dimensions allow its use even in small spaces. The scope of use is very wide - yachts, ships, construction sites.

Operation of a chemical dry closet
Is a handy and compact products.

The design consists of two parts. The upper part is intended for the storage of the drain water pump for flushing the content, and the lower tank comprises a chemical composition of the waste.

There are following types of liquids which are filled into the lower compartment of the tank:

• biological. Digested waste with active living bacteria. After reaction occurs, the fluid is used as a fertilizer for plants;
• ammonium. This chemical breaks down waste in a few times faster than the biological, but without oxygen. 1-1.5 weeks remaining elements can partially dispose in garden fertilizer;
• formaldehyde. The most harmful on the structure of the liquid. After reaction with the chemistry necessary to observe the safety measures during recycling. As fertilizer, they are not suitable, being very dangerous to the health of the upper respiratory tract. Recent developments allow to get rid of the harmful properties of the composition of such fluids.

types of dry closets

1. Water
   Structure toilets with water consists of two tanks. Upper for water bottom - waste. It is also the presence of the seat, the cover and the water pump. Their work is similar to stationary toilets.
2. Without water
   • peat using special peat;
   • disposable with full utilization of the art after the accumulation of waste;
   • dry using biodegradable packages for wastes.

types

• Portable dry closet
  It characterized by compact size and low weight, even with a full tank. His purchase to travel long distances, but only when the above-zero air temperature, since at low its operation is prohibited.
• toilet cubicle
  Stationary, used as summer residences, as in the common areas. It represents toilet cabin with a door. Dimensions do not allow to carry it. Therefore used where long life is calculated in the same place.

From what is produced

• acrylic;
• polyethylene;
• polystyrene;
• plastic;
• ceramics;
• polypropylene.

flushing system

Water supply to the tank is carried out under pressure. Pressure is created thanks to the pumping system or the so-called pump. On how it is equipped with a top view of the tank depends on the result of the work.

Flush pumps whose work involves the purification of the upper compartment from dirt and smell, are classified as follows:

1. electric
   Pressing button flushing water flow, the flow rate and volume determined by the electronic program. This model represents an economical embodiment. Pump operation is carried out using a battery, which lasts for one and a half to two weeks. In their absence will not be able to fully flush. Electric pump with damage repaired only by specialists.
2. piston
   It is the easiest and cheapest option. Water supply is provided by the lower pressure of the piston pump manual pre-recorded in a maximum upper position. To create the required water flow for flushing need to work hard. Replace the pump will have no problem on their own.
3. pump action
   The principle of operation is similar to the previous one, but without much effort. All work is done by the pump itself, but to control the amount of rinsing liquid is not possible.
4. siphon
   This is the same pump, just made with the help of bellows, which is necessary for the emergence of the movement to pressure from above. The corrugation is compressed, increasing the pressure inside, and the water intake occurs. It then returns to its original position. Pairs of movements sufficient to drain the fluid.

   The disadvantage is that it is impossible to repair.

5. mechanical
   The oldest kind of pump. It is an accordion, which produces a flow of water into the sink by human physical effort. Such a process is short-lived because of the low durability.

All listed discharging mechanisms other than electrical represent technique manual drain water from the tank for cleaning waste.

recycling process

Three main categories can be distinguished on the recycling processes for:

1. Bacteriological.
   It based on the use of biological agents. This is the longest way to recycle waste, in which they turn into fertilizer. At the same time - the most environmentally safe method, as harmful to health and nature do not apply.
2. Peat.
   Environmentally safe. Content, by filling a portion of peat, composted and recycled liquid and evaporates.
3. Chemical.
   It is very harmful for the composition of excreta disposal mechanism. Contained liquid chemicals destroy waste products by a chemical reaction. Here use of recycled waste as fertilizer is not possible, so they are sent directly to the sewer or sewage pit.

pros

Advantages of electric dry closet:

• for emptying the waste tank there is no need to use physical forceSince the weight of faeces burnt remains minimal because 70% of the evaporation of liquids during processing;
• You do not need to spend money on the reagents by which disposal of waste products occurs;
• the work of the lower compartment is performed automatic separation liquids from solids. After that compressor solids are transformed into compost and liquid is discharged;
• use of drainage is very convenient - uzhno just press the button.

Advantages peat dry closet:

• minimal material costs on the filler. Peat is very cheap costs;
• ease assembly, operation;
• full autonomy to provide water and electricity;
• recycled waste products are used as fertilizers, without creating the need for equipment Special sewers and waste pits;
• peat has a very large measure of storage capacity and is therefore considered economical embodiment.

The positive qualities of the chemical toilet:

• except smells reagents No foreign odors;
• simplicity application;
• ease displacement;
• It has LED filling the receiving tank.

Minuses

Disadvantages of electric bioseptikov:

• the high cost of the product;
• complete dependence on availability of electric batteries and frequent change of the pumping system;
• the need for fixed sewer and ventilation systems.

Cons chemical or liquid toilets:

• It requires constant presence of chemical reagents;
• very frequent cleaning of the lower tank in the faeces;
• in all models of the valve on the tank-receiver should fit snugly, which often creates difficulties when the tank is closed.

Inconvenience in the operation of peat toilets:

• self-construction of the ventilation system in order to avoid unpleasant odors in the room;
• You need to consider the availability of sewer drain or pit;
• the mass of a full tank of waste is great, and not everyone will be able to deal with its own transportation to the waste pit.

How to choose a bio-toilet

As soon as the question arose of the need to purchase composting toilets, is to answer the basic questions:

1. How often have to use this technique?
   An important condition is the volume of the lower tank. Presenting how often have to use, and knowing the volume of the bottom of the tank, it is possible to calculate the number of times of use. For example, the applications 30 may have a capacity of 13 liter tanks. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the number of people who will operate the device.
2. On whom responsibility for the cleaning of the lower tank of the waste?
   Lower tank after filling gaining weight from 100 to 130 kg. It depends on the type of septic tank. Elderly people, women, people with disabilities can not cope with this task. If you want to buy just such a model, choose a company that supplies the lower tank with wheels, which are convenient for transportation.
3. Is there a need for growth to pick up toilet?
   By purchasing a product in the store, check on the spot whether your model is suitable. It is therefore necessary to determine the parameters of the person who needs this device.
4. Is there any available means draining equipment, sanitation, ventilation system properly?
   Most models require before using the work, constructing ventilation and downspouts. Components of this type of toilet is always contains the necessary components. All set for the scheme available in the manual of the device.
5. When the intended use?
   If winter climate temperature is below zero, it is necessary to prepare in advance a warm environment, stocks with antifreeze liquid.

additional tips

Pay attention to the drainage system. Currently allows for more comfort. When a wide area rinsing machine able to maintain the necessary hygienic indices and eliminating unpleasant smells while maintaining cleanliness.

The presence of fluid control indicator will increase the ease of use of a few times, because it is difficult to conduct the control of the moment of their own.

Which is better

The main condition for when selecting optimally suitable for you portable device - it suits your needs and possibilities.

Therefore, when choosing the products in this category, look for:

1. A large number of people. Choose a model with volume tanks not less than 20 liters.
2. seat height.
3. Purchasing additional functions. For added convenience, you will need a model equipped with dual-flush electric pump. hygiene compliance, as well as completely clean and odor-free, will be guaranteed. A runoff will be simple.
4. The presence of the filling indicator. It eliminates the need to continuously monitor the level of waste. This will notify you in burning lights.
5. The existence of lock release valve prevent the spread of unpleasant odors into the room. You can also choose a cluster model in which there is a disposal of excrement under the influence of various substances.
6. If you plan to use in the short-term trips, the best will be the model that seamlessly together in the trunk of a car.
7. If the toilet is acquired for a long time, choose a model with a large volume of the tank.

How to use bio toilet

Difficulties with the assembly dry closet no one there. The main thing is to have a basic understanding of the operating principles.

Product structure is two tanks. Upper - for flushing, the bottom - the faeces (containing chemical liquid, peat or biological composition). The upper compartment is equipped with a built-in commode.

Consider the basic rules for the use of:

1. Once the equipment is installed, it is necessary to close and open the valve of a tank, eliminating the uneven pressure inside the tank.
2. Add a small amount of water into the tank using a pump.
3. After applying the toilet for its intended purpose, it is necessary to open the valve blade by pulling the lever, and then make a flush.
4. If there is a light filling level of the lower chamber, then turns red button. This signal is indicative of the need for waste disposal and cleaning of the tank.
5. Disconnect lower pressing pawl tank. Sometimes it is not easy to implement without effort. After that, send the contents of the tank to drain.
6. Fill the water reservoir an upper and a lower need to fill up or top up the necessary contents for recycling.
7. The device is ready for the next use.

Security measures:

• outlet should be positioned at a distance of 1.5 meters from the device;
• You can not use the product, filled by 90% or more;
• do not use a composting toilet in freezing temperatures, if it is not provided in the Regulations;
• valves and rubber seals are lubricated with silicone grease for long life;
• Avoid mechanical damage to the device;
• inadmissible use of abrasives;
• do not allow children to play near a dry closet.

Storage conditions in winter

If you bought the device is used only in the summer, in the winter it is necessary to preserve it properly. To do this, you must be completely emptied two bowls, rinse well and dry thoroughly in the open air in order to avoid the presence of residual water.

Operating conditions in the winter

When you need to use a toilet in freezing temperatures need to take care of the presence of a warm place to store it. Almost all the models fail to withstand subzero temperatures, which makes it impossible to use.

The correct calculation of the ratio of water and sanitation facilities

For optimal operation of the product compartment upper water must be diluted chemical liquid antibacterial effect. The volume of the funds, depending on the concentration of health resources.

With conventional sanitary gels calculation is made at a ratio of 100 ml of liquid to 10 liters of water. If the concentrate is more dense and require dilution, the calculation is as follows: 30-50 ml per 10 liters of water.

Addition of disinfectants is necessary to fill deodorizing substance. Instructions are always indicate the dosage will be sufficient but 15-30 ml of the funds to 10 liters of water.

Guarantee

On different models manufacturers provide warranty period of 2 to 3 years. The service is provided only on models with factory marriage, which was detected immediately after purchase, or after some time in operation during the specified period by the manufacturer.

If the merchandise is defective after examination, it according to the law "On Consumer Rights" replaced. The product comes complete with spare parts, they also have a lifetime warranty, but much shorter. The term is one year from the date of purchase of the underlying commodity.

List of claims affected by category, which is refused to replace or repair:

• mishandling, these instructions for use;
• Incorrect installation of the equipment;
• application of modifications;
• the initial repair was carried out not certified maintenance service;
• detecting counterfeit product codes or serial numbers;
• removal code or serial number;
• damage due to incorrect use.

manufacturers

Armed
The company specialized in manufacture of toilets chair intended for invalids with partial loss of motor activity. Used at home and in hospitals.

Product Features:

• Direct, non-removable armrests;
• soft pads on byltsah;
• sturdy metal frame enamel;
• Capacity dostegaet 150 kg;
• the legs are equipped with non-slip lugs.

The seat and removable container disassembled after use for easy cleaning, as the manufacturing material (plastic) ensures easy maintenance.

Design feature - the ability to use over the toilet.

Some models are added, so move seamlessly. Feet dry closet regulated and tightly fixed.

Models equipped with a complex locking elements: safety belts, abductor, tips. Safe-composting toilets are simple, reliable.

Dachnik
Toilet cubicle Russian producer of "Bio-ecology". The model recommended for use in country houses, as it requires the equipment sump or storage capacity.

Ferplast
The Italian company produces high-quality cat's toilets of environmentally friendly plastic.

This product is placed in any room of your home, as modern odor prevention technology will take care of it. The doors are sealed magnets. Used ventilation innovative way: air rises, cleaned three carbon filter malodor.

Cleaning the toilet is made easy, for it opens the clips on the sides of the toilet. The special round shape guarantees comfortable space inside.

Marchioro
Renowned manufacturer of composting toilets for cats in Italy.

The design is completely closed and has the following advantages:

• carbon absorption filter odors;
• quality plastic, which is easy to clean;
• filling remains inside;
• feet do not slip.

Product Feature - swinging transparent flap that prevents the unpleasant smell in the room. Toilet easily assembled and disassembled.

The company produces the toilets in the form of trays with bumpers and non-slip feet. The color scheme is replete with a variety of products.

Dometic
The German company is goods specific level of quality and comfort.
Specialization - electrical and cassette toilets with piston drainage system. Pump forms a full flush with small water consumption, carried out in one motion.
Product Features:

• hydraulic provides sealing gasket;
• improved drainage mechanism;
• Easy clean design;
• equipped with an indicator of filling the bottom tank;
• comfortable seat;
• wash 360 °.

Some models are equipped motseratorom (special grinder that protects the pump from large particles).

Material (ABS plastic) characterized by strength and hygienic.

Convenient footprint bowl, deep bowl and seat dimensions replace your home toilet. The warranty period for products - 3 years.

Nova
Specialization brand - Toilet-chair, which are made in Taiwan. Popular composting toilets for use in hospitals and care for the elderly.

Features models: back equipment, lower the armrests, castors with parking brakes. The frame is made of steel, so has a high strength. Handrails are covered by the non-slip coating.

The product should be cleaned after each use, as these toilets are not equipped with waste treatment system.

Some options are added. Composition - easy washable plastic. The design stands out resistance, convenience.