Installation of plastic pipes for water supply with their own hands according to the standards (in apartment and house)

Reconstruction of the old and installation of new water - one of the technological problems during construction or repair. Plan the installation of plastic pipes for hot and cold running water with your hands should be after studying the principles of designing such systems and work processes of technology.

It is necessary to understand the pipes used for water systems, rules laying, to know appointment of fittings and devices in the system are able to work with the equipment for connection elements.

Types of plastic pipes and fittings for water supply

The modern concept of the plastic pipes is prefabricated. The number of types of plastic pipes is constantly evolving specification increases as the creation of innovative manufacturing technologies and materials.

The line produced by Russian and foreign manufacturers of plastic pipe includes:

1. Polyethylene (PE). Such products are used for water supply systems cold water at low pressure (IPA) <2.5 atm high pressure (LDPE) <8 atm and the estimated fluid temperature 0-40 degrees. GOST 18599-2001 manufactured from PE-80, PE-100. Recommended for the construction of water supply in the low-rise buildings or zoned Condominium wiring in apartments. On the label, pay attention to the value of the SDR - strength properties of polyethylene pipe. The lower the number, the thicker the wall, the product can withstand greater pressure. Welding is performed when mounting plumbing method for manufacturing a junction with a diameter> 5 centimeters, a wall thickness> 5 mm, with special of electro at smaller sizes.
2. Polypropylene pipes (PP). Products used for supplying water system, cold drinking water. The thermoplastic polymer has high stiffness, the assembly is carried out only through corner fittings. Compound - soldering (diffusion welding). Marked pipes depending on the composition of raw materials from which are manufactured - PPH, PPR, PPB. Products withstand pressure <10 bar, the calculated operating temperature of 70-80 degrees. Tubes with blue band intended for cold water, a red band indicates the use of a material for hot water, a yellow stripe - gas pipe, water supply is not used.
3. Plastic (metal-polymer). Products used for the construction of hot and cold water, heating. The name itself - metal suggests that the structure of the pipe is a layered structure. The outer and inner layer - plain or cross-linked polyethylene, inside the aluminum thin-walled tube or mesh layers are secured to the adhesive base. Labeling: PE-AL-PE (two layers of conventional aluminum + polyethylene layer), PE-AL-PERT (inside termouprochnonny polyethylene, the outside of the usual, the middle aluminum layer), PEX-AL-PEX (cross-linked inside and outside polyethylene). Products used for piping with the calculated temperature of 90 degrees at a pressure of <10 MPa. Mounted using compression fittings or press fittings manual hydraulic special key.

1. Polybutene (polybutylene). Pipes made of materials related to innovative developments. Having improved characteristics of high elasticity. «PB» marked. Assembling is carried out by means of fittings or soldering.

Criteria for selection of plastic pipes for plumbing

The right choice of plastic pipes for water supply based on characteristics such as:

• design pressure in the network;
• desired internal diameter based on the flow rate, pressure;
• the calculated temperature of the liquid;
• physico-mechanical and environmental properties;
• availability means for mounting (soldering, press manual key or keys);
• the total value of water supply project.

Advantages and disadvantages of plastic pipes

With the advent of plastic tubes having a number of advantages over metal, it causes their widespread use in water supply, heating and drainage systems.

General advantages of all plastic products to the metal:

1. Chemical resistance to alkalis, surfactants, no reaction with the oxygen dissolved in the water stored inside surface allows articles unchanged, rust is not formed.
2. Inside the pipes is not deposited layers of insoluble salts, however the cross section of the orifice remains constant for the entire period of the cleaning operation is not required.
3. Plastic pipes do not burst when freezing medium.
4. Inside, do not form colonies of bacteria, drinking water remains clean.
5. Light weight material, easy installation of water supply systems.
6. Guaranteed lifetime up to 50 years.
7. Budgeted cost of products, components.
8. The disadvantage is the restrictions on the use of a calculated operating temperatures, pressure.
9. Plastic - combustible material, it can not be used in fire-fighting systems.

Fittings and their use

Fittings - Special parts water supply necessary for installation, splicing products, the connection to the distribution of plumbing fixtures, valves installation. The application allows you to connect fittings plastic parts with metal, do any tracing is not dependent on the configuration of the premises, to assemble a system of any complexity.

For each type, pipe size, connection type sanitary appliances of another material industry produces a complete set of fittings required. The table provides not a complete list of used fittings for mounting water supply systems, their purpose. A more complete list on market.yandex site.

Name products	Picture	appointment fitting	Price
Coupling PP ... №1		Universal couplings connection all kinds plastic products of diameter, of different diameters.	From 5.4 rubles.
Taps №2		tap polypropylene universal. Rotate 90 degrees. there are taps at 45 degrees.	From 7.00 rubles.
tees №3		tees branches universal. There are pipes the same diameter, transient, with the direction at 90 and 45 degrees, two-plane.	From 13.0 rubles.
coupling American №4		serve to devices Split connection with metal instruments. under different diameters collectors, external or internal thread.	From 240 rubles.
crane PP №5		partial or full overlap fluid flow. Under cold, hot water.	From 90 rubles.
tap №6		Used in locations intersection network elements for rounding	From 56 rubles.
mount №7		Supports single, double wall fixing.	01.02.00

Mapping aqueduct

Reconstruction design of newly constructed or old plumbing of cold and hot water should be based on standards, requirements 2.04.01-85 * SNP.

Construction drawings, water circuits are axonometric projection trace indicating the locations of sanitary appliances, shutoff fittings and technological. The diagram shows the dimensions of each wiring portion required fittings for tracing the intersection of walls, floors.

Drafting axonometric schemes carried out on the building under construction planning stage. To draw up a draft of hot and cold water not a simple task. The best option - to apply to the design organization.

In preparing the plan on their own examine the regulations carefully, decide on the method of water supply, the amount of consumption points, laying way.

Tee method

This method provides for consistent distribution of cold and hot water from the central water supply risers if conducted plumbing installation in an apartment or boiler, a pump in a private home.

When tee method takes place a drop of water pressure in the system decreases the pressure in each subsequent point of consumption. Such a system requires the calculation is applied when the water consumption points (taps, toilet, bathroom, washing machine) is not much, the likelihood of simultaneous opening is not significant.

The collecting method

This method involves the installation of the distribution manifold to the input of the system. Each point is connected to the intake manifold individually.

With this method, a parallel pressure distribution, fluid pressure in the system remains constant, the number of consumer connection is not limited. Even with full application of the instrument in the consumption points.

Rules laying water pipeline

In drawing up the scheme of water supply with plastic pipes should be guided by the SNIP 2.04.01-85 *:

• for laying water supply should include internal wiring;
• allowed trace on the bottom wall, while it must be carried out in closed boxes, protecting the pipe from accidental damage;
• feeding method while the collector should provide radial wiring under the floor screed while the screed and the coating thickness should be adequate for safe operation;

• lavatory (toilet, bathroom, shower room, kitchen with Tiles) concealed wiring is not permitted. Possibility of laying in boxes with access to places of installation of valves, control devices;
• not allowed concealed wiring on the columns, trusses;
• grooves in the walls are sealed plaster grid or tiles;
• piping wiring sloping 0.002;
• on the input system provides for the installation upstream and shut-off valve, pressure regulator with pressure gauge, water gauge assembly, the counter;
• at the high points system provides tools for the air bleeding, lower - liquid drain device;
• on long sections or under conditions limiting walls install expansion joints (fittings) for compensation of linear expansion of the carrier tube when changing temperature. When routing through the intercommunication overlap Design installation of expansion joints of the corners, which will keep the linearity of the risers;
• in open communication wiring elements are fixed to the wall with clips or clamps on the long sections, at the corners of turns, the field devices to connect;
• hot water pipe lay higher than cold. The latter provides for thermal insulation;
• in places connecting flow plumbing fixtures or other appliances install shut-off ball valves to an American or sleeves;
• according to the norms of galvanized pipe installation is allowed to replace them with not galvanized with appropriate justification;
• welds galvanized pipes in order to restore the coating to stain with paint containing zinc dust is> 94%.

Tools and accessories

For delivery system apparatus hot and cold water is required for the necessary number of tubes, fittings and regulating valves, sanitary appliances, and other items included in the system water supply. These data are taken from this scheme, which was drawn up before starting work.

Count how many need to pipe diameters of summing up the sizes of the individual wiring sections. Look where installed elbows, tees and other fittings required for tracing, count the number. The amount of other elements of the system are also determined based on the compiled circuit.

Buy materials to stock ratio 1.15.

If you are having difficulties with the calculations, please refer to its scheme to the seller shop where you are going to buy the materials. He will pick up the necessary components for plumbing, answer the questions on the application and the order of assembly of each element.

Additionally required:

• roulette;
• square;
• building or laser level;
• pencil, ruler;
• rag with the solvent;
• scissors for cutting tubes;
• hammer, screwdriver for assembly fixtures;
• soldering or key for pipe joints according to the mounting method (for polyethylene and PVC pipes need glue);
• bolgarka to disengage from the riser and a tap for threading when connected;
• gloves and work clothes.

Work with a soldering iron

When buying a soldering machine, choose from the mid-market. They quality Teflon coating heads, it ensures long-term preservation of the head surface at the soldering plastic pipe (not adhere when heated).

1. Read the instructions. Pay careful attention to the table with the recommended head heating temperature for the selected type of heating tubes and soldered elements of time depending on the wall thickness and diameter. Check that the head diameter soldered pipes. Set the required working head temperature heating controller. The experimental compound pipe coupling.
2. Turn the soldering iron. Accepted lights red, it means the soldering iron heats up. Take the collar, measure the labor input depth. Since the end of welded tube put it away, mark with a pencil, draw a line from the top, the coupling too, make a mark. Make degreasing the surface of the pipe end inside the coupling acetone.
3. After bulb will go out or will become green, connect the parts to be welded smoothly and effortlessly, hold time, the recommended instructions. Remove the parts smoothly from a head are interconnected to a depth mark and the alignment mark from above. It must be done quickly, without much effort, to the level of the input depth. This is not to rotate elements (rotation allowed <5 degrees) or insert at an angle. At the site of adhesions must form a uniform annular shoulder.
4. Hold elements in this position for 5-6 seconds. Inspect compound - correct alignment marks, maintaining the internal diameter of the orifice. If the result is satisfactory - well, if there are defects, repeat the soldering. Work with a soldering iron is necessary to master well, it depends on the build quality of the system.

Stages of installation water supply

Before starting work, consent off the water supply, call at this time plumbing. Disconnect from the riser, cut the thread, put the plug.

Do not turn off the water supply alone, the riser - the zone of responsibility of serving the house.

Drain the remaining water from the pipe, remove the old plumbing components. Disconnect the drain, audited. If necessary - remove the drain, replace it with a new one.

Clean the walls and floor of the room, prepare for assembly work, nothing should interfere. Note pro sequence tube location below upwards at the joint trace: drainage, cold water and hot.

Draw a line piping respectively scheme, set the mounting clips. Do not forget about the slope of 0.002 cm per meter track. Prepare the necessary holes in the walls with sleeves.

Installation work begins with knots coming from the plumbing connecting the dots. Collect units, reinforce the walls.

Soldering work on the polypropylene pipes is allowed to conduct at a temperature not lower than 2 degrees in the absence of wind. Articles made of plastic must be heated or kept in a warm room. In the wind, at low temperatures, to operate with a soldering iron is not recommended, good heat the workpiece, it is impossible to obtain a good quality connection.

Collect communication all the way to the point of connection to the riser. If possible, reduce the number of adhesions, do not get carried away using extra taps, tees. This will reduce the flow resistance, increase the quality of polypropylene piping as a whole.

If you have problems with soldering in the field using a second solder connections, set the equalizer or drag the interface in a different location, making this part separately.

After assembly of communications conducted pressure testing of the entire system at 1.2 to the calculation, but not higher than the permissible for the applicable product. Pressure drop is not allowed. The device ties on the floor or seal solution flush channels shall be allowed only after a positive result of crimping.

Coordinate communications connection to the risers with the manager of the management company.