Round tubes are hollow structures whose diameter is circular. The length of the building material in finished form is many times the size of the pipe cross section. This structural element is widely used for laying pipes as a building material.
What a variety of round pipes exists in the market
The basis of the main classification of the goods was the material from which it is made.
Pipes made of copper
This building material has its pros to use, as well as disadvantages. It was always considered that copper is durable material. It will last for many years, does not wear out over time and will not change their working abilities. Copper pipes are best suited for installation of water pipes, particularly for those with which will move the water for human consumption in the home. on the properties of copper kills bacteria. Brass design is not affected by weather conditions and temperatures. They are not exposed to sunlight, they are not afraid of differences in atmospheric pressure, strong moisture, corrosion.
Temperature range wide copper tubing - from - 200 ° to + 500 ° C. An important advantage of these designs is the ease of installation and lack of - rather high cost.
Steel tubes
This type of construction material is the most widespread. Among the advantages of steel can be distinguished:
- Strength.
- Reliability.
- Low price.
The major drawback when using steel pipes is their low resistance to corrosion. The high thermal conductivity of steel leads to occurrence of moisture on the walls of the material, which leads to wear. To avoid damage to the inside and outside surface of the metal structures shall be subjected to zinc plating. It is also important to consider that the scale may appear on the rough inner surface of the pipeline.
The main methods of mounting structures of this type is a compound of them by means of couplings and fittings, and also by welding. The latter method is not suitable for material coated with zinc, since welding destroys the anti-corrosion paint.
Cast iron pipes
Iron is a heavy metal. As the material of the produced construction material, it itself becomes obsolete. Cast iron products bulky, thick-walled tube is not only heavy, its inner surface has a roughness. In spite of this iron line has a lot of positive moments:
- long service life;
- Cast iron is not covered with rust;
- It has high durability;
- insensitive to temperature;
- It has a low coefficient of expansion.
plastic pipes
One of the modern materials is plastic. A lot of plastic will appreciate the building materials market. The main advantages of plastic pipes:
- weather fluctuations do not affect the strength of the material;
- not subject to corrosion;
- long service life;
- low cost;
- easy to install, repair, replace and operate;
- inside the plastic pipe and scum deposits are formed;
- suitable for transporting hot water: Heat is not lost;
- the use of pipes is safe for health.
The drawback with this construction material is that by heating the structure to lose elasticity and have a high expansion coefficient. In addition, the plastic wears out quickly under ultraviolet light.
Types of plastic pipes:
- Polybutylene.
- Polyethylene.
- XLPE pipes.
- PVC.
The use of building materials
The steel pipe is quite popular link building to build pipelines. Among the main areas of human activities that use this building material can be identified:
- The food industry.
- Energy.
- Water supply and sewerage construction.
- Chemical.
- Rolled metal.
- Design activity.
There are different methods of manufacturing materials. Lay pipelines using building materials, depending on the scope of its use.
Depending on the method of manufacturing the steel product can be:
- Alloy, which are manufactured on truboliteynom special equipment.
- Welded pipes are divided into electrically formed and cold. The basis for steel products are taken continuous sheets, which are made from materials of a desired shape. Sealed steel using the welding machine.
- Pipes can be seamless, which are made by special technology. Such a construction material does not hold together, and are made of hot or cold rolled method. Products subjected to a pressing or drawing using a steel ingot. Such a product is considered the safest compared to similar building material with a seam. The lack of a seam to withstand high pressure, so these structures are used in the construction of oil and subsea pipelines, while the production of cars.
- Galvanized products are used in areas with aggressive conditions of use. Finished pipes are covered with zinc, which increases 5-6 times the timing of their use.
Depending on the presence of a thin-walled seamless tube may be, as already mentioned, seamless and electrowelded with straight seam, with a spiral seam, cold- and hot-deformed.
Spiral steel structure is widely used in the heavy chemical and petroleum industries. Materials are manufactured from carbon steel, the roll is unwound and which is divided into longitudinal strips. Then manufactured strip connected by welding into an endless belt. Using tape rolls wound into a spiral, making the shape of a circular pipe. A spiral arc welding seam is treated, then check its durability by means of ultrasound. To protect against corrosion spiral product is subject to internal and external coating of different kinds:
- painting;
- zinc coated;
- processing oil from corrosion;
- coating of bitumen or heavy oil;
- epoxy coating;
- Application of polyethylene, polypropylene or polyurethane.
Seamless products manufactured using strongly heated steel ingot, in which a hole is pierced through. For a long time the finished product is rolled billet, extend, calibrate, align and cut.
The lowest costs are steel products, which were already in use, the so-called b / y. Previously used aluminum pipe used in the household. These constructs are ideal for construction of the fence poles made of profiled sheet, chimney, greenhouses or other temporary structures. Used or refurbished pipes used in the manufacture or construction of structures that are not subject to heavy wear. The recovered product is also used in the repair of pipelines, where the pressure is not greater than 25 atmospheres.
material parameters
All tubes generally have several types of parameters: technical and geometrical.
The most important among the technical specifications:
- working temperature;
- pressure;
- thermal capacity;
- the weight.
The range of goods is different:
- diameter;
- sectional thickness;
- sectional area;
- area of the side surface of the tube;
- weight.
Experts consider when laying the pipeline also:
- radius of gyration;
- resistance moment;
- moment of inertia;
- length material.
The main characteristic dimension is the diameter. He is the inner, outer, and rated conditional. When purchasing a product, these data should match the diameter of the fitting or other connecting parts to pipes. The performance is also important for the outer diameter.
Rental of products for the pipeline is classified according to external factors:
- small - from 5 mm to 102 mm;
- medium - from 102 mm to 406 mm;
- large - from 426 mm.
Conventional passage means that the inner diameter is not accurate, it is necessary to characterize the connecting parts. Geometric figures are indicated by a conditional pass whole numbers. The designation begins with the letters DN. A number is selected by the value from the list as the nearest standard GOST.
Work designers is significantly improved by the presence of standard steel product parameters which are provided for a particular type of pipe.
Sizes steel round pipe composed of main parameters: conditional, outer diameter, wall thickness, the weight of the building material. Specialists in paving the pipeline pay attention to all the characteristics of materials. Building materials market has a large range of goods. Metal analogues correspond to products made of plastic, for easy selection, a special table settings of steel tubes and their respective polymer counterparts. In the table takes into account the type of material depending on the manufacturing method.
The documents material parameters are calculated not only in millimeters and in inches, as this value is still widely used in gas supply and laying of water pipes. In most countries, the internal diameter is measured in millimeters, so for the convenience of the tables used both values. The tables for each type of building material provided its notation. For example, the main evrosortament for steel products according to DIN 2448 / DIN 2458 - DIN / EN, water and gas are indicated AIV electrically - ES seamless - SB.
