House heating firewood, despite the presence of many other types of heating, not lost its relevance even today. Most often resort to it when there is no gas pipeline. This type of heating is typically used in rural areas. Quite often, heating with wood is used for heating private and country houses, country houses and garages.
Advantages and disadvantages
Advantages of heating with wood a lot. The main one is their low cost. It is lower than the price of gas or electricity. As even the waste wood can be used for this type of heating. Especially since not all the settlements of our country gasified. This is especially true of villages in rural areas. Heating logs perfect for summer cottages.
An important factor when choosing a heating with wood is environmentally friendly and fuel that the comfort that allows you to experience it. This not only heat, but also on the type of visual enjoyment combustion of firewood in a fireplace or furnace equipped panoramic transparent screen which is usually embedded in the fuel loading door.
Have firewood and disadvantages. First and foremost is the lack of automation. After all fuel has to be charged into the furnace, boiler or fireplace with his own, and it takes a lot of time and effort. This heating logs considerably inferior gas and electric heating system. After all, they can be operated with little or no human intervention.
In advance of need to take care of the presence of a stock of firewood. You can buy them or prepare their own. In addition, if a large area of the house, will have to additionally use the radiators as to achieve good heat using a single fireplace or stove, it is unlikely to succeed. Especially in winter. It is best used with the boiler water circuit.
Despite the fact that its price firewood available to everyone, you will need to spend on the installation of the furnace, boiler or fireplace. This "fun" can not be called cheap. It will also have to mount and all the additional equipment that is required to qualitatively warm your house.
Proper production of wood heating
Current wood fuel heating systems, have significant differences from those of previously used.
Attention: In place of brick ovens, which served as a heat exchanger, transferring the heat generated in the room, came modern fireplaces, boilers and stoves.
Selection device for heating depends on the space available for mounting and building area. When choosing a wood heating system it is necessary to pay attention to the following factors:
- The thermal capacity of the device. It depends on the area of the house, its degree of thermal insulation and climate zone in which it is located.
- The need for space for the boiler or furnace. An apparatus for heating fuel timber shall be installed in a special room for this purpose, which must meet certain requirements. In particular, have a stable ventilation.
- The availability of space for fuel storage. Never store the tree in a room in which the furnace or boiler. They should be stored separately.
To determine the device that is best suited for firewood should take into account the parameters of the buildings and their financial capabilities. As practice shows, the most popular and effective option is the use of a private home with a two-circuit boiler water circuit. He will not only qualitatively warm the building, but also to always have on hand hot water. But in order to make a final choice in favor of a device for heating with wood, you should consider each of them in detail.
Be sure to read: types of heating systems in a wooden house.
wood heating options
That the house was warm, it should be to choose the right wood heating of a country or a private house, which will be used. As already mentioned, for this purpose the oven, fireplace or boiler can be used.
Attention: When choosing should start from the number of rooms and building area.
Usually, if the house is small, set stove or fireplace. Otherwise it is better to mount the boiler water circuit. Let us consider each option carefully:
- Stove heating characterized by high efficiency and low heating surface. But at the same time, it is easiest to install. Heating furnace is suitable for buildings of no more than 60 m².
- Water heating boiler includes (fireplace, furnace) with a connected conduit. Thermal energy is transmitted through the radiators. This option is good for heating buildings of more than 80 m².
- Fireplace heating stove is a lot like. The main difference in the more spacious combustion chamber. In some cases, this boiler can have a cooking surface.
heating system using wood logs, can be significantly improved. For example, in a furnace heat exchanger can be installed, which will create a complete water heating.
But the most commonly used wood boiler to heat your home. It is much easier and more practical to use than a furnace or boiler. In addition, it can be done independently.
Production of wood boilers own
Make a wood-burning boiler with his own hands is not difficult. We just need to find the right type of steel. Its thickness should be at least 1.5 mm. The boiler is recommended to manufacture by welding. But since it takes a long time, quite often used steel drums with the desired wall thickness.
It is best if the barrel capacity is 200 liters. It needs to be cut along, and inside to make a partition. This is required for the installation of wheelwrights. At the end of the hole is made for the installation of the door, which is recommended to select in advance. Also require a chimney diameter of not more than 10 cm. It is located on the back side and serving for the removal of carbon monoxide.
But if you intend to install the boiler, made by yourself, you should know that it has some drawbacks. First of all, it is low efficiency and low operating life. In addition, accidental touching the surface, can get burned as it heats.
Wood-fired boiler, made with his own hands, perfect for heating various outbuildings with a small area. For example, shed, garage, etc. If you need to warm a country or a private house, it is best install the factory model that will enable significant qualitative and good heat building.
Construction of the boiler house
Wood heating country house implies the allocation of the room in which will be in the boiler and the device for its management. This room should meet the following criteria:
- Flue presence of at least 4 m in height;
- an area of not less than 6 m²;
- the presence of the combined light;
- Ceiling height is no less than 2.5 m;
- presence of mechanical ventilation.
Attention: Decorating the room must be made of fireproof materials. If the boiler has electrical components must be line power supply.
Which wood is best to use
A lot for a good heating system depends on what kind of wood you use. It will be appreciated that the specific heat transfer coefficient of this fuel is much lower than, for example, gas. Firewood heat equal to - a maximum of 17.4 MJ / kg, and for gas - 31.8 MJ / kg. Especially in order to maintain the desired temperature, you should regularly throw into the furnace of firewood.
There are two ways to extend the time between charges:
- heating with wood, which emit the most heat;
- Teplogenaratory setting oven or with a large combustion chamber.
In the latter case it is necessary to take into account that the combustion chambers of boilers, considerably more than furnaces. Also, the furnace characterized by a slow heating, during which the wood will often toss. But then, you can enjoy the warmth, because the fuel will burn, and it will be quite intensively accompanied by large amounts of heat.
Much depends on the wood you use. The biggest heat transfer differ ash, hornbeam and oak. Their combustion temperature of about 1000 degrees. In addition, they provide a high fever. Most bad wood poplar. Their combustion temperature is less than 500 degrees, which means that the wood consumption is greater, and less heat dissipation.
Attention: Since the ash and oak, quite valuable species of trees that are used for the manufacture of various furniture, doors and various other things, it is best to use for heating homes or white birch acacia. Of course, if these kinds of trees grow in your area.
Much depends on how dry the wood. After all, if they are wet, the heat will be minimal. This is due to the fact that a large part of the heat required for evaporation of moisture. If you buy firewood, check them dry thoroughly. And if you harvested them yourself, the wood should be dry quality. Only way to achieve high-quality heating wood at reasonable cost.
Wood heating private houses with their own hands not only a good idea to save money, but also to effectively heat a building even in extreme cold. To make their own furnace, boiler or fireplace will be a snap. But it's best to buy a factory product, as it will be better and will last much longer. Of course, this system is not without certain drawbacks and, for example, inferior heating with gas or electricity. Yet the demand for wood-fired boilers, stoves and fireplaces are still great. These devices are indispensable for high-quality home heating in rural areas with no gas supply there.
